摘要
目的了解北京某叶腊石矿职业病危害因素的种类、浓度(或强度)及其管理现状,为同类型企业职业病防治提供借鉴。方法2018年采用职业卫生现场调查法,辨识叶腊石矿职业病危害因素种类,了解职业卫生管理情况;采用职业病危害因素检测评价等方法,对叶腊石矿职业病危害因素进行检测。结果北京某叶腊石矿存在的职业病危害因素主要有生产性粉尘、物理因素以及化学毒物。检测结果中,矽尘超标率为60.0%,噪声超标率为16.7%,手传振动超标率为100.0%,一氧化碳、二氧化氮、二氧化硫符合国家职业接触限值的要求。叶腊石矿在工作面采取了局部通风和湿式打眼用以降低粉尘浓度、改善作业环境,这些防护措施取得了一些效果。结论叶腊石矿职业病危害因素整体防控效果较好,为确保进一步加强职业卫生管理并落实到位,仍需采取喷雾洒水、加强个体防护和职业健康监护等措施,保障劳动者的职业健康。
Objective To understand the types,concentrations(or strength)and management status quo of occupational hazards in a pyrophylite mine in Beijing,provide reference for the prevention and treatment of occupational hazards of similar enterprises.Methods In 2018,the occupational health field investigation method was adopted to identify the types of occupational hazards in the pyrophyllite mine,to understand the occupational health management situation.The methods of occupational disease hazard detection and evaluation were used to detect the occupational hazards of the pyrophyllite mine.Results The occupational hazards in the pyrophyllite mine in Beijing included productive dust,physical factors and chemical poisons.In the test results,the exceeding standard rate of silica dust,noise and hand-passing vibration was 60.0%,16.7%and 100.0%,while the concentrations of carbon monoxide,nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide met the requirements of the national occupational health standards.The pyrophyllite mine has adopted local ventilation and wet drilling on the working surface to reduce dust concentration and improve the working environment,and these protective measures have achieved some effect.Conclusion The overall prevention and control of occupational hazards in pyrophyllite mines is better.In ensuring the further strengthening of occupational health management and implementation,it is necessary to take more measures such as spray watering,strengthening individual protection,and strengthening occupational health monitoring to ensure the occupational health of workers.
作者
佟林全
王雪涛
贾晋阳
TONG Lin-quan;WANG Xue-tao;JIA Jin-yang(Occupational Health Assessment Center,National Center for Occupational Safety and Health,National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China,Beijing,102308,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2020年第1期4-7,共4页
Occupation and Health
关键词
叶腊石矿
职业病危害因素
防护措施
职业健康
Pyrophylite mine
Occupational hazards
Protective measures
Occupational health
