摘要
《社会救助暂行办法》的颁布标志着农村最低生活保障政策稳定成型,执行成为更重要的议题,人情保、关系保与搭车保是其执行偏差的集中表现。本文选取中部地区W县作为样本,采取深度访谈法从设标、觅标与干预三个步骤全面考察农村最低生活保障政策的执行。在此基础上借助史密斯模型作为框架,分析认为财政资金投入政策模糊、执行机构执行力量严重不足、目标群体政策遵从度不高、农村社会保障体系尚不完善、家庭经济状况客观上难以准确核定以及压力型体制等环境因素的共同作用最终导致人情保、关系保与政策保的产生。对应地,本文提出应该从完善财政资金分级分担政策以合理制定保障标准,加强人员队伍建设以有效执行家计调查,加强政策宣传、激发公众参与以提高目标群体的政策遵从度,强化党委政府对政策重要性的认识、完善农村社会保障体系以优化执行环境四个方面入手治理人情保、关系保与搭车保等执行偏差。
The promulgation of Interim Measures of Social Assistance indicates the establishment of Rural Minimum Living Standard Guarantee Policy(RMLSGP). The next issue we are facing is how to implement the policy. The implementation deviations include getting allowances from government based on private relationship, family relationship or public interest. This paper uses a county located in central China as an example. Face-to-face interview is used to investigate RMLSGP’s implementation in this county from the aspect of qualification, targeting and intervention. Based on Smith’s Model, this paper analyzes factors that contribute to the implementation deviations. These factors include lack of clarification in the financial distribution system, insufficient implementation enforcement, low level of compliance by the target population, incomplete social security system in rural areas, difficulties in determining household finical status, and the pressure system in governance. The author proposes four recommendations in response to the implementation deviations. First, a financial sharing ratio should be established between the central government and the provincial governments. Second, the implementation organizations should recruit enough staff to conduct means-test investigations. Third, the government should make more efforts to advocate the RMLSGP and increase public’s awarenesses of the importance of the RMLSGP.
出处
《中国公共政策评论》
2020年第1期129-149,共21页
Chinese Public Policy Review
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“东中西部农村最低生活保障政策执行偏差及治理比较研究”(编号:16CSH031)的研究成果
关键词
农村最低生活保障政策
政策执行
执行偏差
Rural Minimum Living Standard Guarantee Policy(RMLSGP)
Policy Implementation
Implementation Deviation
