摘要
民事再审检察监督事实上实行“不告不理”模式,也是事实上的“第四审”,在程序设计中呈现出“法院纠错在先,检察监督在后”的再审监督模式。然而,实践过程中民事再审偏离了法律监督机关的宪法定位,呈现出功能异化的趋势。民事再审检察监督功能异化表现为功能目的异化、功能主体异化、功能结构异化、功能配置异化等多种形式。法律规范的模糊性、立法体例的救济权主导模式是目前再审检察监督功能异化的主要致成因素。为从根本上矫正功能异化的表现形式,需对民事再审检察监督制度进行改造,现代型监督理念的引入、区分申请再审事由与监督事由、区分再审检察建议事由与民事抗诉事由是民事再审检察监督功能异化的纾解良方。
In practice,the procuratorial supervision of civil retrial cases follows a"non-intervention unless petitioned"model,effectively functioning as a"fourth instance"of the judicial process.This model of retrial supervision is characterized by a procedural design that prioritizes court error correction before procuratorial supervision.However,in practice,civil retrial has deviated from the constitutional positioning of the legal supervisory organ,exhibiting a trend of functional alienation.The ambiguity of legal norms and the legislative style's focus on relief rights are the main factors contributing to the alienation of procuratorial supervision functions in civil retrial.To fundamentally correct the manifestations of functional alienation,it is necessary to reform the procuratorial supervision system for civil retrial.Introducing modern supervision concepts,distinguishing between grounds for applying for retrial and grounds for supervision,and distinguishing between the grounds for procuratorial suggestions for retrial and grounds for civil protests are effective solutions to alleviate the alienation of procuratorial supervision functions in civil retrial.
作者
代天钰
Dai Tian-yu(School of Law,Southwest University of Fiance and Economics,Chengdu 611130,China)
出处
《政法学刊》
2024年第3期84-91,共8页
Journal of Political Science and Law
基金
2023年度四川省哲学社会科学基金青年项目“民事司法个案审判效能提升研究”(SCJJ23ND411)
关键词
民事再审检察监督
功能异化
监督理念
Procuratorial Supervision of Civil Retrial
Functional Alienation
Supervision Concept
