摘要
党的二十届三中全会强调完善大安全大应急框架下应急指挥机制,强化基层应急基础和力量,提高防灾减灾救灾能力。基层应急管理能力建设成为目前一项重要而紧迫的政治任务。本文依据“价值—结构—过程”分析框架,以基层应急管理实践的田野调查和经验观察为基础,分析基层应急管理能力建设的成效与梗阻。从价值维度看,基层应急管理的系统思维和前瞻意识不够,缺乏现代应急管理的韧性理念,应急法治信仰、法治能力和法治精神仍需强化;从结构维度看,基层应急管理的权责关系有待细化,应急力量的专业性不足协同度不高,制度建设存在搬运化和僵硬化问题;从过程维度看,基层应急管理各环节能力发展不均衡,数字技术未能有效融入应急业务,应急资源保障能力仍显不足。未来在大安全大应急框架下,基层应急管理能力建设应着力推进思维理念革新的应急管理全方位统筹、体制机制创新的应急管理共同体塑造,以及应急行动精进的应急管理全链条拓新。
The 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China emphasized the need to improve emergency command mechanisms within the framework of comprehensive safety and emergency,focusing on strengthening grassroots emergency infrastructure and resources to enhance disaster prevention,mitigation,and relief capabilities.Building emergency management capacity at the grassroots level has become an important and urgent political task.This paper,based on the“Value-structure-process”analytical framework and grounded in field research and experiential observations of grassroots emergency management practices,analyzes the effectiveness and challenges in building grassroots emergency management capacity.From a value perspective,grassroots emergency management lacks systemic thinking and foresight,falls short of adopting resilience principles found in modern emergency management,and still requires stronger adherence to legal frameworks and the rule of law.Structurally,the relationship between authority and responsibility in grassroots emergency management needs to be clarified,emergency response personnel lack adequate professionalization,and coordination remains weak.Additionally,the current system faces the risks of inflexibility and over-reliance on replication.From a process perspective,the development of capabilities across different stages of grassroots emergency management is uneven.Digital technologies have not been effectively integrated into emergency operations,and the capacity to guarantee emergency resources remains insufficient.Looking ahead,within the framework of comprehensive safety and emergency,building grassroots emergency management capacity should prioritize a holistic coordination of emergency management through a transformation in thinking and concepts,foster the development of an emergency management community through institutional and systemic innovation,and refine emergency action to expand and innovate the entire emergency management chain.
作者
沙勇忠
魏兴飞
傅全宝
Sha Yongzhong;Wei Xingfei;Fu Quanbao
出处
《中国应急管理科学》
2024年第11期1-14,共14页
Journal of China Emergency Management Science
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“新时代我国数字强边战略及实施路径研究”(21&ZD163)
关键词
二十届三中全会
大安全大应急
基层应急管理能力
基层治理
The 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China
Framework of Comprehensive Safety and Emergency
Grassroots Emergency Management Capability
Grassroots Governance
