摘要
目的分析广东省2009—2018年女工新发职业病的疾病谱特点。方法收集国家职业病网络直报系统报告的2009—2018年广东省女工新发职业病病例资料,采用描述性流行病学方法分析分布特征。结果广东省2009—2018年共报告女工新发职业病8大类40种1 191例。女工新发职业病病例数总体呈"锯齿式"曲折上升趋势。其中2009年新发病例数最少(44例),2015—2018年增幅明显,2017年新发病例数达到高峰(176例),是2009年病例数的4倍。各类新发职业病病例数居前4位的依次是职业性化学中毒、职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病、职业性肿瘤和职业性尘肺病及其他呼吸系统疾病,分别占女工新发职业病的59.7%、19.7%、7.8%和6.1%。居前4位的新发职业病病种是职业性慢性苯中毒、职业性噪声聋、职业性慢性正己烷中毒和职业性苯所致白血病,分别占女工新发职业病总数的35.0%、19.6%、14.5%、7.7%。地区分布主要集中于珠江三角洲地区(占96.6%)。企业分布主要集中在制造业(占95.1%)、私有经济企业(占41.6%)和中、小型企业(共占68.3%)。64.2%的病例为操作工。结论广东省女工新发职业病的疾病谱在职业病类别和职业病病种上均呈现一定的聚集性,并呈现发病地区、企业行业、企业经济类型、企业规模和工种的聚集性。
Objective To analyze the newly diagnosed occupational disease spectrum of female workers in Guangdong Province from 2009 to 2018. Methods The data of occupational diseases of female workers reported to the National Occupational Diseases Network Direct Reporting System during 2009 to 2018 in Guangdong Province were collected, and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 1 191 female workers with new occupational diseases were reported in Guangdong Province from 2009 to 2018, involving 40 occupational diseases in 8 categories. The number of new occupational disease cases generally showed an increased trend in a zigzag pattern, with the lowest number in 2009(44 cases). The new case number increased from 2015 to 2018, and reached a peak in 2017(176 cases), which was four times higher than that in 2009. The top four classifications of occupational diseases were occupational chemical poisoning(59.7%), occupational ear-nose-throat-oral diseases(19.7%), occupational tumor(7.8%), and occupational pneumoconiosis and other respiratory diseases(6.1%). The top four entities of occupational diseases were occupational chronic benzene poisoning(35.0%), occupational noise deafness(19.6%), occupational chronic n-hexane poisoning(14.5%) and occupational benzene induced leukemia(7.7%). The new occupational diseases mainly concentrated in Pearl River Delta Region, accounting for 96.6%. The new cases mainly distributed in manufacturing industry(95.1%), private economic enterprises(41.6%), and medium and small enterprises(68.3%). Totally 64.2% of the cases were seen in operating workers. Conclusion The newly diagnosed occupational disease spectrum of female workers in Guangdong Province shows aggregation in both categories and varieties. It also shows aggregation in certain area, enterprise industry, enterprise economic type, enterprise scale and type of work.
作者
李晓艺
温贤忠
周珊宇
杨敏
李旭东
LI Xiaoyi;WEN Xianzhong;ZHOU Shanyu;YANG Min;LI Xudong(Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510300,China)
出处
《中国职业医学》
CAS
北大核心
2019年第6期689-694,共6页
China Occupational Medicine
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAI12B01)
广东省职业病防治重点实验室(2017B030314152)
广东省医学科研基金(C2018016,C2018018,B2019197,A2019498).
关键词
女工
职业病
疾病谱
职业性化学中毒
聚集性
流行特征
Female worker
Occupational disease
Disease spectrum
Occupational chemical poisoning
Clustering
Epidemiological features
