摘要
21世纪以来,美国奥巴马总统和特朗普总统都试图减少对中东地区的战略资源投入,以为增加对亚太地区的投入创造条件。这种平衡亚太和中东的战略虽部分得到了实施,但总体而言并未得到充分展开,中东牵制了美国大量的战略和外交资源。其原因既在于美国将中东视为其维持全球霸权需要经营的重要地缘板块,也在于美国国内政治深受中东问题的影响。拜登就任总统后,一方面,仍将会延续平衡亚太和中东的战略,但方式将会改变,美国将会在亚太地区投入更多的硬资源,而在中东地区主要通过外交和援助的方式维持其战略存在。另一方面,美国更有可能对其亚太和中东战略进行整合,以中东策应其亚太战略。这既是因为美国难以从中东地区全身而退的先前实践,也是因为美国战略界越来越认识到亚太和中东如同其他地缘战略板块一样都是美国全球战略的组成部分,而不应被视为相互独立的板块。
Since the beginning of the 21 st century,the US Presidents Barack Obama and Donald Trump have tried to reduce strategic resources in the Middle East so as to increase strategic resources in Asia-Pacific.Despite their endeavors,the balancing strategy has not been meaningfully implemented,and the Middle East has remained costly on US strategic resources.The reasons lie in that the US regards the Middle East as a crucial part of its global strategy to maintain hegemony,and the US domestic politics is profoundly affected by Middle East problems.Political lobbying of pro-Israel groups always serves as a reason why the US is deeply involved in the Middle East;the massive coverage of US media on Middle East hot spots is always testing"the moral sense"of US decision-makers.Biden Administration will,on one hand,hopefully continue to keep a balance between Asia-Pacific and the Middle East but with changes.Biden Administration will invest more hard resources in Asia-Pacific while maintaining its strategic presence in the Middle East through diplomatic means and economic assistance.On the other hand,Biden Administration will integrate its Asia-Pacific and Middle East strategies so as to better contain China.The US has realized that it is very difficult to substantiate its strategy to withdraw from the Middle East judging by the special status of the Middle East in its global strategy and domestic politics.And the US strategic community is also aware that different geographic areas should not be dealt with separately but by integrated approach.
出处
《西亚非洲》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第2期26-46,共21页
West Asia and Africa
关键词
美国的全球战略
亚太
中东
拜登政府
战略整合
US global strategy
Asia-Pacific
the Middle East
Biden administration
strategy integration
