摘要
委内瑞拉蕴藏丰富的重油、超重油资源,是全球排名领先的石油储量大国。目前委内瑞拉石油产量呈"自由落体式"下滑。通过对该国油气储量特征、产量现状及对生产衰退原因进行分析,发现成熟油田的传统轻油项目缺乏投资和维护,奥里诺科重油项目稀释剂进口困难以及"高投入、低利润"模式加大生产成本是构成委内瑞拉油气生产行业衰败的主要原因。并从多个角度深入分析委内瑞拉石油危机给国家自身(人口流失、地缘政治、石油出口收入)以及国外(美国炼油、国际油价、南美投资格局)带来的影响。从而更加全面的解析委内瑞拉面临的巨大风险。
Venezuela is rich in heavy oil and super heavy oil resources,and is the world’s leading oil reserves country.Now Venezuela’s oil production declines in"free fall".In this article,the characteristics of oil and gas reserves,production present situation and production decline reasons were analyzed,it was found that the lack of investment and maintenance in traditional light oil projects of mature oilfields,the difficulty to import thinners in Orinoco heavy oil projects,and high production cost because of"high investment and low profit"model were the main reason for the decline of oil and gas production industry in Venezuela.In addition,the impact of Venezuela’s oil crisis on the country itself(population loss,geopolitics,oil export revenue)and other countries(US refining,international oil price,South American investment pattern)was analyzed from multiple perspectives,so as to make a more comprehensive analysis of the big risks that Venezuela faces.
作者
黄飞洋
刘保磊
王恺
李嘉
HUANG Fei-yang;LIU bao-lei;WANG Kai;LI Jia(School of Petroleum Engineering,Yangtze University,Hubei Wuhan 430100,China;PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《当代化工》
CAS
2020年第4期649-653,共5页
Contemporary Chemical Industry
基金
国家重大专项“大型油气田及煤层气开发项目”《美洲地区超重油与油砂有效开发关键技术》(2016Z X05031)
关键词
委内瑞拉
产量
储量
政治斗争
美国制裁
石油危机
Venezuela
Production
Reserves
Political struggle
American sanctions
Oil crisis
