摘要
目的:统计街头献血屋个人献血者、高校献血者和社会团体献血者3类献血者所占马斯洛5类需求层次的比例,分析不同类别的献血者是否存在马斯洛需求层次的差异,为后期的献血招募提供一定的指导。方法:采用自制调查问卷分别对街头献血屋个人献血者、高校献血者和团体献血进行调研,调查内容包括献血动机、对纪念品的建议、对献血服务的意见、献血的顾虑、下次献血的欲望以及利他行为的意愿六个方面,之后进行数据的统计和分析。结果:统计分析发现,3类献血者仅对纪念品的建议这一方面不存在分歧。献血动机中团队献血者对礼品的在意度(P<0.01)、单位是否给予休假(P<0.05)和血站血液紧张(P<0.01)三方面的关注度较高,街头个人和高校献血者更多的认为献血有益健康(P<0.01)。街头个人献血者对献血服务的满意度高于其他2类献血者。献血阻碍方面街头个人献血者认为献血不存在阻碍的人数占比(41.23%)高于其他2类(23.65%、30.29%),高校献血者因害怕而不想献血的人数较多(P<0.01)。继续献血的欲望,个人和高校献血者更多的会选择定期或有空的时候献血(P<0.01),而团体献血者偏向于组织或血液紧缺时献血(P<0.01)。利他行为中高校献血者较弱(P<0.05)。结论:3类献血者的马斯洛需求层次存在差异,我们可以根据调查研究结果,对不同团体采用不同的宣传和招募策略,从而增强献血者的精细化服务,提升献血服务质量。
Objective:To statistically analyze the difference in different hierarchy of Maslow needs between three kinds of different blood donors include individual donors in blood donation house,blood donors in high school and social group blood donors,and provide guidance on recruit blood donors in later time.Method:Using self-made questionnaires to investigate three kinds of blood donors for six questions.The question could respect donor’s advice on the motivate to donate blood,the choose of souvenir,the advice on the service of donate blood,the worries about donate blood,the willing to donate blood next time and the thoughts of altruistic behavior.Collect and analyze the date.Result:After data analysis we found that the suggestion of three types of blood donor had no difference for souvenirs.For the motivation of blood donation,the organization group focused more about souvenirs(P<0.01),vacation(P<0.05)and the shortage of blood(P<0.01).While the group of individual and high school focused more about whether blood donation was healthy(P<0.01).Individual donors had higher degree of satisfaction than others.To the hinder of donation,individual donors thought that there was no obstacles exist(41.23%),while more high school donors thought that blood donation was terrified(P<0.01).To the desire of continue donation,more and more individual and high school donors choose donation at regular intervals(P<0.01),while organization groups preferred donation at blood shortage(P<0.01).Conclusion:The hierarchy of Maslow needs to three types of blood donor had statistic difference.These results suggested to formulate three recruiting strategies to corresponding blood donation group.So that we could refine service to blood donor and improve the quality of blood donation service.
作者
梅传亮
刘奕宇
罗林
陈晔
钟发德
MEI Chuanliang;LIU Yiyu;LUO Lin;CHEN Ye;ZHONG Fade(Ningbo Center Blood Station,Ningbo,315010,China)
出处
《临床血液学杂志（输血与检验）》
CAS
2020年第1期134-137,139,共5页
Journal of Clinical Hematology(Blood Transfusion & Laboratory Medicine)
基金
宁波市科技计划项目(No:2017A10111).
关键词
献血者
马斯洛需求层次
动机需求
招募策略
blood donor
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
motivation needs
recruiting strategy
