摘要
利用清代文学作品研究清前中期中国社会日常生活中的玻璃制品,发现主要有玩具、陈设、日用、玻璃窗和饰品五大类,出现在上层社会食、住、行、乐、饰等日常生活的多个领域。从消费社会学的视角来看,上层社会消费玻璃制品的动机是多样化的,既包括个人导向的动机,如消费玻璃制品蕴含的实用价值和娱乐价值,也包括社会导向的动机,如社会形象需要,赠与需要,时尚需要,收藏需要。在全球背景下考察玻璃使用与消费背后反映的社会经济面目。18世纪时,尽管中国上层社会日常生活中存在愈来愈明显的使用欧洲玻璃制品的情况,但消费并未有效引领生产,中国的玻璃生产水平始终滞后于消费水平,欧洲玻璃制品是满足中国市场的重要力量。与英国在回应东方消费品涌入的过程中成功发展进口替代工业的亮眼表现相比,玻璃的例子表明,在生产领域18世纪的中国对欧洲消费品的回应并不成功。
Use literatures to study glass products in daily life of China in the early and middle of Qing Dynasty.It found that there were five main categories:toys,furnishings,daily use,glass windows and accessories.Glass products appeared in many fields of daily life,such as food,shelter,travel,leisure and decoration.From the perspective of consumer sociology,the motivation of the upper class’s consumption of glass products was diversified.It included individual oriented motives,such as consuming glass products’practical value and entertainment value,as well as social oriented motives,such as social image needs,gift needs,fashion needs,and collection needs.The use and consumption of glass products could reflect the social and economic features in the global context.In eighteenth Century,although there were more and more obvious uses of glass products in the social daily life in China,the consumption did not lead production effectively,and the level of glass production always lagged behind the level of glass consumption.European glass products were the key force that met China’s market.Britain had successfully developed import substitution industry in response to the influx of Eastern handicraft industrial consumer goods.By comparison,the example of glass products showed that China’s response to European consumer goods in the field of production was unsuccessful in eighteenth Century.
作者
李坤
Li Kun(Scholl of Humanities and Social Sciences,Beihang University)
出处
《中国社会历史评论》
2019年第2期71-84,249,共15页
Chinese Social History Review
关键词
清代文学作品
清前中期
玻璃制品
日常生活
消费
Literary Works in Qing Dynasty
the Early and Middle of Qing Dynasty
Glass Products
Daily life
Consumption
