摘要
作为基本人权的生育自由,不仅彰显个人自治的宪法价值,而且具备私法层面的救济效力。司法裁判领域新兴权利诉求的优生选择权在性质上宜界定为一项人格利益,医疗机构在产前检查中负有诊断及告知义务,我国现行法上存在请求权基础规范。优生选择权的主体是指孕妇及其配偶,不包括缺陷婴儿在内。认定医疗机构的责任比例,应考量其对损害结果的过错参与度和可预见性。优生选择权受到侵害后的损害赔偿责任范围包括精神损害赔偿和财产损害赔偿,财产损害赔偿范围应包括合理预见的具有极大发生可能性的预期损失,主要是指缺陷婴儿的后续医疗费、特殊护理费和特殊教育费。
As a basic human right,reproductive freedom not only demonstrates the constitutional value of individual autonomy,but also has the relief effect of civil law.Right of eugenics,as a new kind of claim in the field of judicial decisions,should be defined as the natural interests of individuals.Medical institutions have the obligation to diagnose and inform in prenatal examinations,and there is a basic basis for claims in China’s current law.The subject of right of eugenics refers to the pregnant woman and her spouse,excluding defective infants.The percentage of responsibility of a medical institution should be measured by its fault-participation and predictability of the result of damage.The scope of liability for damages caused by the eugenics’right to be infringed includes compensation for mental damages and damages for property damages.The scope of compensation for property damages should include reasonably foreseeable expected losses with high probability of occurrence,mainly referring to follow-up medical expenses and special care for defective infants fees and special education fees.
作者
张建文
高完成
Zhang Jianwen;Gao Wancheng
出处
《人权研究（辑刊）》
2020年第1期81-101,565,共22页
Journal of Human Rights
基金
2019年共青团中央“青少年发展研究”课题“未成年人网络空间权益保护机制研究”(项目编号:19ZD048)的阶段性成果
关键词
生育权
优生选择权
新兴权利
产前诊断义务
Reproductive Right
Right of Eugenics
the New Right
Prenatal Diagnosis Obligation
