摘要
全国人民代表大会(以下简称全国人大)兜底职权规范,与作为一种权力模式的全权机关理论存在紧密关联。以全权机关为理论线索,可以发现苏维埃兜底职权呈现鲜明的全权特征。自尝试建设中国苏维埃政权以来,经过断断续续地试验培育,1954年《宪法》正式确立了全权的全国人大兜底职权规范,1975年《宪法》、1978年《宪法》延续了这一规范结构。纵然1982年《宪法》对其作出调适,但在一般理论上仍没有排除全权的知识传统。通过人民民主的理论溯源发现,全国人大兜底职权规范生成的根本原由,是人民主权中的"人民",被错置为了具有独立意志的人民实体,而非法律上拟制的、具有超验性的人民。不过,随着民主化进程的开展,人民民主的理论预设,应当将人民视为公民在法律上的联合。
The NPC’s general power provision is closely related to the organization of plenary power as a power mode.Taking the organization of plenary power as a theoretical clue,we can find that the Soviet’s general power has a distinctive characteristic of plenary power.Through intermittent cultivation from the attempt to build Soviet regime,the plenary NPC’s general power provision was stipulated in the constitution of 1954.The constitutions of 1975 and 1978 had the same provisions.Even though the provision was modified by the constitution of 1982,the general theory still includes the knowledge tradition of plenary power.Through tracing to the source of the people’s democracy theory,we can find the primary cause of the generation of general power provision is that the"people"in the popular sovereignty was mistaken as an entity with independent consciousness,instead of the legally fictitious and transcendental people.However,as the process of democratization unfolds,people realism shall be abandoned in the theoretical presupposition of people’s democracy.Meanwhile,the people shall be deemed as the legal union of citizens.
出处
《人大法律评论》
2019年第1期180-206,共27页
Renmin University Law Review
基金
2017年重庆市教育委员会社会科学研究课题“人大主导立法的实施机制研究”(17SKG014)的阶段性成果.
关键词
全国人大
兜底职权规范
全权机关
人民实在论
National People’s Congress
General power provision
Organization of plenary power
People realism
