摘要
中国古代法文化以情、理、法为内容,以衡平为手段,以公正和谐司法秩序构建为目的。衡平司法肇始于君权神授思想下的天命观,发展于儒家仁礼思想下的伦理秩序观,表征为法家以法为本的公正法律观,暗合于道家无为而治的自然平衡观,蜕变于阴阳五行学说的对立协调观。衡平司法以国法为基础规范,以天理为最高追求,以礼制为底层规范,以民间法为地方性规范。衡平司法的实践依托制定法,并以制定法中的"不得应为"条为兜底条款。通常情况下严格依法办案就能很好地解决其情、理、法协调问题,当制定法阙如或与天理、人情相抵牾时,司法官往往通过情、理、法的融通,发挥衡平司法的主观能动性,或屈法伸礼,或执法原情。衡平司法有助于弥补法律漏洞,填补法律空白,彰显个案公正,回应自然秩序诉求,最终构建一个合法合情合理的公正和谐司法秩序。
Chinese ancient legal culture takes sentiment,reason,and law as its content,balances as a means,and aims to construct a fair and harmonious judicial order.Equitable justice originated from the view of destiny under the thought of monarch power and god;developed from the ethical order concept under the Confucian thought of benevolence and etiquette;represented by the legalist’s legal concept of justice based on the law;coincided with the Taoist concept of natural balance of governance by doing nothing;transformed from yin and yang Opposite and coordination view of Five Elements Theory.Equitable justice is based on the national law;the supreme pursuit is the law of nature;the etiquette system is the underlying standard;and the civil law is the local standard.The practice of equitable justice relies on the statutory law,and the"not to be"clause in the statutory law is used as the bottom line.Normally,handling cases in strict accordance with the law can well solve the problems of coordination of situation,reason,and law.When the enactment of laws is too short or contradicts the principles of nature and human sentiments,judicial officers often use the integration of situation,reason,and law to give play to the balance of justice.Subjective initiative,or surrender to the law,or law enforcement.Equitable justice helps to fill legal loopholes and fill legal gaps;demonstrate the justice of individual cases,respond to the demands of natural order,and finally build a legal,reasonable,fair and harmonious judicial order.
出处
《中国政法大学学报》
CSSCI
2021年第3期228-243,共16页
Journal Of CUPL
基金
中国政法大学教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“中国古代的法制与秩序:从‘清官’到‘青天’的司法秩序”(项目批准号:13JJD820017)的阶段性成果
关键词
衡平
司法秩序
天理
国法
人情
Equity
Judicial order
Heavenly priciple
National law
Human sympathy
