摘要
目的分析新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情发生前后2年南京市病媒生物密度动态变化,为疫情期间病媒生物防治和居民健康教育提供科学依据。方法分别使用夹夜法、笼诱法、诱蚊灯法及粘捕法监测鼠、蚊、蝇及蟑螂的密度。结果2018—2021年,南京市鼠类、蚊类、蝇类及蟑螂的优势种分别为褐家鼠、淡色类库蚊、家蝇及德国小蠊;全年都有鼠类活动,鼠密度逐年下降;蚊密度在疫情前上升,发生疫情后逐渐降低,2021年最低密度为0.396只/h,每年活动高峰期为5—8月;蝇密度在发生疫情的2020年最低,为2.215只/笼,每年活动高峰期为5—9月;蟑螂密度总体呈下降趋势,疫情发生后蟑螂密度秋季高峰期消失。在不同生境中,2020年发生疫情时,农村自然村鼠密度下降趋势减缓,居民区鼠密度下降趋势加剧,各生境蝇密度均呈明显下降趋势,各生境蚊密度在发生疫情前呈上升趋势,发生疫情后变为下降趋势,各生境蟑螂密度在发生疫情前均呈下降趋势,但发生疫情后农贸市场蟑螂密度变化为上升趋势,2020年达到峰值,为1.961只/张。结论应根据新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间病媒生物密度变化特点,采取针对性的措施进行病媒生物的有效防治。
Objective To analyze the dynamic of vector density in the two years before and after the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in Nanjing,to provide a scientific basis for vector control and public health education during the epidemic period.Methods The night trapping,lamp-trapping,cage-trapping and cockroach sticky traps methods were conducted to monitor the density of rodents,mosquitoes,flies and cockroaches respectively.Results From 2018 to 2021,the dominant species of rodents,mosquitoes,flies and cockroaches were Rattus norvegicus,Culex pipiens pallens,Musca domestica and Blattella germanica in Nanjing.Rodents were observed year round with a density decrease trend of year by year.The mosquito density increased before the epidemic,and gradually decreased after the epidemic,the lowest density was 0.396 insects per hour in 2021.Mosquitoes peaked in May through August.The lowest fly density,2.215 flies/cage,was in 2020 when the epidemic occurred.Flies were active mostly from May to September.The cockroach density showed a decreasing trend in general,and the autumn peak of cockroach density disappeared after the outbreak.In different habitats,when the epidemic occurred in 2020,the downward trend of rodent density slowed down in rural natural villages,but its downward trend intensified in residential areas.The density of flies showed an obvious downward trend in all habitats.The mosquito density showed an upward trend before the outbreak and a downward trend after the outbreak in all habitats.The density of cockroaches showed a downward trend before the outbreak in all habitats,but an upward trend in the farmers’market after the outbreak,which reached a peak of 1.961 cockroaches/piece in 2020.Conclusion Targeting measures should be taken to effectively control vectors according to the characteristics of vector density changes during COVID-19.
作者
张守刚
宋丙栋
张艳
陆墨原
闵玥
孙楠
王白茹
ZHANG Shou-gang;SONG Bing-dong;ZHANG Yan;LU Mo-yuan;MIN Yue;SUN Nan;WANG Bai-ru(Nanjing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210003,China;Nanjing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210003,China;Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 211166,China)
出处
《中华卫生杀虫药械》
CAS
2022年第6期500-504,共5页
Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments
基金
南京市医学科技发展重点项目(编号:ZKX19049)
南京市医学科技发展项目(编号:YKK21176)
