摘要
针对大蒜联合收获作业过程中根系切净率低与损伤率高的问题,设计了一种按压式切根装置,阐述了其主要结构与工作机理。通过理论计算确定了夹持输送与切割机构作业参数,构建大蒜夹持运动方程和拨轮组动力、变形及切割力学模型。以链轮、拨轮和圆盘刀转速为试验因素,伤蒜率和切净率为试验指标,利用Design-Expert 8.0.5软件进行回归与响应面分析,构建三元二次回归模型,得到各因素对指标值的影响顺序。结果表明,当链轮、拨轮和圆盘刀转速为107、52、197 r/min时,装置性能最优,伤蒜率和切净率分别为0.63%和97.07%。对比鳞茎顶端定位“浮动切根装置”的最优参数组合,结果表明,所提出的装置伤蒜率降低2.15个百分点,切净率提高3.9个百分点。对优化因素进行试验验证,验证与优化结果基本一致,满足大蒜机械化收获高效切根作业要求。
In order to solve the problems of low root cutting rate and high bulb damage rate after cutting device in the process of garlic combined harvesting,a root cutting device was designed.The key parts of the root cutting device on garlic combine harvester mainly included clamping conveying mechanism and cutting mechanism.According to the structural characteristics and operation requirements of garlic combine harvester,the bulb and root could be separated automatically in the process of movement with the counter rotating disc cutter and pressing of shifting wheel.The dynamic and deformation model of shifting wheel pair and the mechanical model of root cutting were established to achieve the separation of bulb and root in this process.Taking sprocket speed,shifting wheel speed and disc cutter speed as test factors,taking garlic damage rate and root cutting rate as test index,the mathematical models of response values were established and regression analysis and response surface analysis were carried out.The test results showed that when the speed of sprocket was 107 r/min,the speed of paddle wheel was 52 r/min and the speed of disc cutter was 197 r/min,the performance of root cutting device of combined garlic harvester was the best,with the garlic damage rate of 0.63%and the root cutting rate of 97.07%.The optimization results were verified by tests,and the verification results were basically consistent with the optimization results.The research results could provide a technical reference for further exploring the technology of garlic combine harvester and bulb-root separator.
作者
侯加林
李超
娄伟
李天华
李玉华
周凯
HOU Jialin;LI Chao;LOU Wei;LI Tianhua;LI Yuhua;ZHOU Kai(College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Taian 271018,China;Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment Intelligence,Taian 271018,China;College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第10期167-174,共8页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-24-D-01)
泰山产业领军人才工程项目和山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR20220E103)
关键词
大蒜联合收获机
切根装置
作业机理
试验
garlic combine harvester
root cutting device
operation mechanism
test
