摘要
内蒙古正镶白旗伊和淖尔M1是北魏时期的鲜卑贵族墓葬,出土了大量金属器。其中以金器和铜器为主。本文对出土的27件金属器(包括13件铜器和14件金器)进行了初步的科学分析检测,结果表明11件铜器为铅锡青铜,两件铜钉为黄铜,四件金器为金银铜合金,无损分析的10件金饰品全部为金银合金。11件铜器基体为铸造,表面采用金汞齐法鎏金,表面采用热锻、热锻后冷加工等加工方式;铜钉及金器全部为热锻成型,表明鲜卑人民可以根据不同器物功能选择合金材质和加工方法,且已经掌握美化器物的装饰技术。
The tomb M1 of Yihe-Nur in Zhengxiangbai banner,Inner Mongolia,is the Xianbei noble tomb in the Northern Wei Dynasty.A large number of metal objects which are mainly gold and copper were unearthed.The paper has conducted preliminary scientific analysis and testing of the unearthed 27 metal objects(including 13 bronze and 14 gold),the results show that 11 pieces of bronze samples are made of Cu-Sn-Pb alloys,2 pieces of copper nails are made of brass,4 pieces of gold samples are the Au-Ag-Cu alloys,and all the 10 pieces of gold ornaments are made of Au-Ag alloys according to the nondestructive analyse.The base of the 11 pieces of bronze ware is cast,and the surface is gilded by gold amalgam method and processed by hot forging and cold processing after hot forging,and all the copper nails and gold wares are formed by hot forging,which shows that Xianbei people can choose alloy materials and processing methods according to different functions of objects,and have mastered the decorative technology of beautifying objects.
作者
谢欣芮
李延祥
静永杰
王晓琨
Xie Xinrui;Li Yanxiang;Jing Yongjie;Wang Xiaokun(Gansu Provincal Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology;Institute of Metallurgy and Materials History,University of Science and Technology Beijing;Xilin Gol League Museum;School of History,Renmin University of China)
出处
《草原文物》
2020年第2期110-117,共8页
Steppe Cultural Relics
关键词
北魏
古代金属技术
鎏金铜器
金器
Northern Wei Dynasty
Ancient Metal Technology
Gilt Copper Ware
Gold Artifacts
