摘要
铸牢国民的中华民族共同体意识是维护国家稳定、民族团结和实现中华民族伟大复兴的内在要求。学校作为铸牢学生中华民族共同体意识的主阵地,对塑造各民族学生的中华民族共同体认同,厚植中华民族共同体情感,具有不可替代的重要作用。本文从心理学的认知、情感和意动视角出发,构建了学校铸牢中华民族共同体意识的逻辑层次,即象征教育、情感教育和价值观教育。象征教育重在感知中华民族共同体意识的象征符号和形塑集体记忆;情感教育重在体验情境和生成中华民族共同体意识情感;价值观教育重在形成中华民族共同体意识的价值理性和指导价值实践。这一逻辑层次有利于实现中华民族共同体意识由认知内化为情感,并促成其外化为学生的自觉行为。为此,学校铸牢中华民族共同体意识应遵循学前及小学教育、初中教育、高中及中专教育和大学教育四个阶段的教育特征和学生认知发展规律,结合铸牢中华民族共同体意识的逻辑层次,分阶段、有侧重地开展相关教育教学活动。学校在不同阶段铸牢各民族学生中华民族共同体意识的主要实践路径为:学前及小学教育阶段启蒙共同体意识、孵育爱国情感;初中教育阶段强化共同体认知、激发共同体情感;高中及中专教育阶段树立价值理性、增强共同体认同;大学教育阶段践行共同体意识、实现知行合一。
Cultivating the consciousness of the Chinese nation community is a requirement for ethnic solidarity and Chinese nation rejuvenation.As important channel to cultivate students’consciousness of the Chinese nation community,schools play important role in shaping the identification and cultivating the emotions of Chinese nation community among students of all ethnic groups.This article tries to construct the logic levels of cultivation of Chinese nation community into symbolic education,emotional education and value education from the perspective of cognition,emotion and conation of psychology.These logic levels are conducive to the realization of turning Chinese nation community’s consciousness from cognition to emotion,and to promote student’s self-motivated behavior.Therefore,to enhance students’Chinese nation community awareness,it is necessary to follow the educational characteristics of different stages and the law of student cognitive development,as well as combining the logical levels of cultivation.The major process for the school’s practice on building up consciousness of the Chinese nation community is as follows:the pre-school and the primary school education stage is the initiation stage for community consciousness and incubation for patriotic emotion;the middle school education stage is to strengthen the community cognition and emotion;the high school and the secondary school education stage is to set up the value rationale and strengthen the community identity;the university education stage is to practice community consciousness and realize the unity of understanding.
作者
蒋文静
祖力亚提·司马义
JIANG Wen-jing;ZULIYATI Sima-yi(School of Marxism,Xinjiang University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830046;Northwestern Frontier Governance Research Center,Xinjiang University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830046)
出处
《民族教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第1期13-21,共9页
Journal of Research on Education for Ethnic Minorities
基金
国家社科基金重大专项项目“新疆各民族铸牢中华民族共同体意识研究”(项目编号:18VSJ091)
教育部文科基地重大项目“新疆少数民族传统文化与现代化研究”(项目编号:16JJD850013)的阶段性成果.
关键词
中华民族共同体
民族团结进步教育
象征教育
情感教育
价值观教育
Chinese nation community
education on ethnic solidarity and progress
symbolic education
emotional education
value education
