摘要
民间借贷纠纷案件中的夫妻债务认定是司法审理的一个疑难问题,源于家庭夫妻关系的私密性和借款人用钱行为的难控性,体现在司法审判中为借债的夫妻共同意思表示和借债资金用途认定难。通过梳理2019年浙江省民事审判的相关案件,发现从当事人来看,出借人与借款人的配偶非举债人,多数不存在熟人关系;从诉讼过程来看,多数案件无法举证表明具体用途,无论是债权人要证明对方借钱用于夫妻共同生活或共同生产经营等,还是借款人的配偶非举债人要证明自己对于借款完全不知情,都不容易举证;从审理结果来看,有不少案件被推定为具有夫妻共同意思表示,借款金额小的多被认定为夫妻共同债务。目前,鉴于民间借贷的复杂性,司法审理应该是尊重生活常识、遵循民间社会习惯,给当事人公平、向社会传递正义。今后的立法完善,要构建一个夫妻财产对外债务清偿关系和内部债务承担关系的制度规范。
the determination of couple’s debt in private loan dispute cases is a difficult problem in judicial trial,which originates from the privacy of husband and wife’s family relationship and the difficulty of controlling the borrower’s behavior of using money,which is reflected in the difficulty of identifying the common intention of the couple and the purpose of borrowing funds.By combing the relevant cases of civil trial in Zhejiang Province in 2019,it is found that from the perspective of the parties,the borrower’s spouse and the borrower’s spouse are not debtors,and most of them do not have an acquaintance relationship;from the perspective of the litigation process,most cases can not provide evidence to show the specific purpose,whether the creditor wants to prove that the other party borrows money for the couple’s common life or joint production and operation,or the borrower’s spouse does not It is not easy for the debtor to prove that he has no knowledge of the loan;from the trial results,many cases are presumed to have the joint intention of husband and wife,and those with small amount of loan are considered as joint debt of husband and wife.At present,in view of the complexity of private lending,the judicial trial should respect common sense of life,follow the habits of civil society,and impart fairness and justice to the parties and the society.In order to improve the legislation,it is necessary to establish a system standard of the relationship between the external debt repayment and the internal debt bearing of the husband and wife’s property.Among them,the necessary element of the composition of the joint debt of the husband and wife should be the informed consent of the couple for the debt.
作者
蓝寿荣
罗静
LAN Shourong;Luo Jing
出处
《民间法》
2021年第2期19-36,共18页
基金
江西省高校人文社科重点研究基地招标项目《乡村振兴背景下的金融立法问题研究》(项目编号:JD19087)
关键词
民间借贷
夫妻债务
共同意思表示
家庭日常生活需要
共同生产经营
private lending
debt of husband and wife
expression of common meaning
need of family daily life
joint production and operation
