摘要
本文首先通过泰尔指数对学前教育“二期行动计划”的政策效果做出初步估计,并进一步利用2012—2016年省级面板数据,构建“非农村”部门作为“农村”部门的对照组,采用基于固定效应的多期双重差分方法,探讨了“二期行动计划”对农村地区学前教育经费投入的具体影响。结果表明,在实施了“二期行动计划”之后,农村地区学前生均教育经费支出增长约14.1%、生均公共财政预算经费支出增长约14.7%,换算成2012年货币价格分别约为729.41元和542.09元,政策效果经得起稳健性检验且具有持续性;“二期行动计划”对农村学前教育投入的影响具有异质性,其政策效果主要体现在对中、西部农村地区的影响上,对东部农村地区影响较小。总体而言,“二期行动计划”实质上提升了农村地区学前教育经费的投入,缩小了城乡学前教育投入差距,但仍存在经费投入水平不足等问题,在加快建设高质量教育体系的背景下,农村学前教育经费投入仍面临巨大挑战。
This paper provides a rough estimate of the policy effect of the second round“Three-Year Plan of Preschool Education”on preschool education expenditure per student by using the Theil index approach,and then test the policy effect more accurately based on provincial-level panel data crossing 2012—2016time span which makes it possible to employ time-varying difference-in-differences and fixed effect,an empirical strategy that is widelyused by researchers to evaluate the policy effect under counterfactual framework.Research findings are briefly summarized as follows:First,preschool education expenditures per student in rural areas increase by 14.1%,and public budget expenditure per pre-schoolingaged student in rural areas increase by 14.7%,respectively equivalent to 729.41RMB and 542.09RMB measured by 2012monetary value.The policy effect is robust to different model specifications and placebo tests,and it is persistent.Second,the heterogeneity analysis shows that the policy effect has a more significant expenditure increase on central areas and western areas.On the whole,the second round“Three-Year Plan of Preschool Education”increased preschool education funding in rural areas substantially and narrowed the expenditure gap between urban sector and rural sector.However,there are some issues yet to be addressed such as insufficient funding for preschool-aged kids.Preschool education finance for kids in rural China still faces challenges under the context of building a high-quality education system.
作者
邓钟毓
马红梅
DENG Zhong-yu;MA Hong-mei(Faculty of Education,Central China Normal University)
出处
《教育经济评论》
CSSCI
2023年第6期37-56,共20页
China Economics of Education Review
基金
国家自然科学基金“基础教育财政补偿制度研究”(71603096)。
关键词
“二期行动计划”
学前阶段教育经费投入
城乡差异
多期双重差分
The second wave“Three-Year Plan of Preschool Education”
expenditure for preschool-aged kids
urban-rural gap
time-varying difference-in-differences
