摘要
基于2018年海上丝绸之路船舶AIS数据和GIS空间分析工具,对船舶活动分布、尺度、速度等空间特征和船舶交通流日、月、季度变化等时间特征进行系统分析,结果显示:(1)捕捞船舶受时间、气候变化影响较大,白天时段及禁渔期结束至11月捕捞船活动较为频繁;商业船舶日、月度变化明显,季度变化不明显,午夜、中午、月度中下旬船舶活动较为频繁。(2)捕捞船多集中于近岸渔场及养殖区域,呈团状分布特征;商业船舶以油轮、货船为主,主要集中于新加坡—科伦坡—阿巴丹的主航道区。(3)各类型船舶以中小型为主,大型和巨型船舶比例较小。船舶航速以低速为主、中高速为辅,中高速船主要为货船和油轮,高速船舶以客船为主。(4)影响船舶活动时空变化特征的影响因素为地理条件与自然资源分布、经济发展与港口基础设施建设、海上交通管制等。
Based on the Automatic Identification System(AIS)data of ship in 2018 along the Maritime Silk Road,this study systematacially analyzes the spatio-temporal characteristics of ships from the activity trajectory distribution,ship size and speed,traffic flow of ship(daily,month and season)applying GIS spatial analysis.The results show:1)Fishing vessels are greatly affected by time and climate changes,and the activities of fishing vessels are more frequent at day time and the time from the end of the fishing ban period to November;commercial vessels have significantly daily and monthly changes,and quarterly changes are not obvious.The activities of commercial vessels are more frequent at midnight,noon and mid-to-late month.2)Fishing vessels are mostly concentrated in the near-shore fishing grounds and aquaculture areas,it presents a cluster distribution characteristic;commercial vessels are mainly oil tankers and cargo ships,and mainly distribute in the main channel area of Singapore-Colombo-Abadan.3)All types of vessels are mainly small and medium-sized,and the proportion of large and huge vessels is small.The vessels are mainly at a low speed,supplemented by medium and high speed.Vessels working at a medium-high speed are mainly cargo ships and tankers,and high-speed vessels are mainly passenger ships.4)The influencing factors of the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of vessel activities are geographical conditions and natural resource distribution,economic development and port infrastructure construction,marine traffic control and so on.
作者
邓昭
李振福
段伟
李肇坤
DENG Zhao;LI Zhenfu;DUANWei;LI Zhaokun(College of Transportation Engineering,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,Liaoning,China;Shipping Development Research Institute,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,Liaoning,China)
出处
《经济地理》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第4期15-22,共8页
Economic Geography
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1405600、2016YFC1402700)
国家社会科学基金重大项目(13&ZD170、18ZDA207)
国家社会科学基金后期资助项目(19FZZB013)
