摘要
传统农业时期舟山群岛的开发具有农耕为本、农业先发的特征。农耕型聚落是海岛人居环境的主体,渔盐聚落的兴起受农耕聚落发展水平的牵制。面积广大、里岙幽深的大型岛屿成为移民定居首选之地。滨海地带的宜居性相对较差。随着海塘的筑造和滩涂围垦,农耕聚落向海扩展,成为滨海聚落增加的主要形式。但相对于农业和聚落发展较早的里岙(内岙)来说,滨海的滩涂地带在20世纪初仍为聚落稀少或空白地带。传统中国社会以农为本的观念及注重居住环境安全性的风水观念,在舟山岛屿聚落发展格局中均有显著体现。
The development of the Zhoushan Archipelago was primarily oriented toward agricultural exploitation.Mountain valleys in the large islands became the preferred places of settlement for immigrants from the mainland.The coastal areas were relatively empty until the construction of seawalls and reclamation of tidal flats allowed agricultural activities to expand to the sea line.However,even during the early twentieth century,the littoral remained sparsely populated compared to the interior mountain valleys.The settlement pattern of Zhoushan reflects traditional Chinese society’s geomantic practices and agrarian-centered focus.
出处
《国家航海》
2020年第2期97-110,共14页
National Maritime Research
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“9~20世纪长江中下游地区水文环境对运河及圩田体系的影响”(18ZDA178)的阶段性研究成果
关键词
舟山群岛
聚落生态
农耕
地理环境
Zhoushan Archipelago
Settlement Ecology
Farming
Geographical Environment
