摘要
从乌苏里江捕获体质量0.5～2 kg的野生哲罗鱼(Hucho taimen)幼鱼,经人工培育至性腺成熟后催产获得鱼苗,分别饲养于北京房山鲟鱼基地(水温8～22 ℃)和黑龙江渤海冷水鱼实验站(水温3～18 ℃),观察和测定在人工养殖条件下哲罗鱼的生长和性腺发育,并进行全人工繁殖实验.结果表明,在流水池塘驯养条件下,投喂人工配合颗粒饵料可以保证哲罗鱼的生长能量需求,性腺能够发育成熟.北京房山基地的养殖池,生长适温期较长,5龄鱼体质量可达(5 560±1 353)g,体长(76.85±6.56)cm.黑龙江渤海站的养殖池,生长适温期较短,5龄鱼体质量可达(3 626±1 282)g,体长(67.32±6.13)cm.在黑龙江渤海站饲养的实验鱼,原始生殖细胞出现明显性别分化的时间在出苗后60 d左右,Ⅰ期卵巢的出现期在3～14个月,Ⅱ期卵巢出现期在15～34个月,Ⅲ期卵巢出现期在35～47个月,Ⅳ期卵巢出现期在48～59个月.所得鱼苗经5年多的人工池塘驯养,2006年分别在北京房山基地和黑龙江渤海站成功进行了哲罗鱼的全人工繁殖,为该鱼的规模化养殖提供了实验依据.
Seventeen wild 2+-4+ Hucho taimen with body weight ranging from 0.5 kg to 1.5 kg were captured from Wushuli River,China,and the fries were reproduced after artificial rearing.The fries were reared separately in Beijing Fangshan base at water temperature of 8-22 ℃ and Heilongjiang Bohai station at water temperature at 3-18 ℃.During the period of rearing,we observed the growth and gonad development of Hucho taimen,and made a pilot of artificial propagation.The results showed that feeding particle foods can meet the energy demands for growth and gonad maturity of Hucho taimen reared in ponds with flowing water.Unlike Bohai Station in Heilongjiang,Fangshan Base has a longer period of optimum temperature,thus,the body weight and body length of 5-year-old fish can reach(5 560±1 353)g and(76.85±6.56)cm,respectively.In contrast,the body weight and body length of the same-year-old fish reared in Bohai Station only reach(3 626±1 282)g and(67.32±6.13)cm.For those fish reared in Bohai Station,the primary germ cell tends to present obvious sex differentiation at 60 days of age,phase Ⅰ ovary shape at 3-14 months,phase Ⅱ ovary shape at 15-34 months,phase Ⅲ ovary shape at 35-47 months,and phase Ⅳ ovary shape at 48-59 months.After 5 years rearing in ponds,artificial propagation with sex-matured Hucho taimen was conducted.The results showed that in Beijing Fangshan base,the mean values of spawning rate,fertilization rate,eyedegg rate,incubation rate and larva floating rate were 21.7,56.3,88.3,88.9 and 75.0,respectively.While in Heilongjiang Bohai station,the according data were 47.4,73.0,89.0,90.4 and 82.2,respectively.
出处
《中国水产科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第6期896-902,共7页
Journal of Fishery Sciences of China
基金
"十五"国家科技攻关项目(2001BA505B0507)
黑龙江省科委重点研究项目(G96B4-1)
关键词
哲罗鱼
人工养殖
生长
性腺发育
繁殖
Hucho taimen
artificial rearing
growth
gonad development
propagation
