摘要
福建省在20世纪90年代,开展了两次基于3S技术的土壤侵蚀调查,结果表明,福建省20世纪90年代中期土壤侵蚀以水力侵蚀为主,占侵蚀总面积15070 07km2的98 42%,侵蚀面积随着侵蚀强度的增加而减少;侵蚀面积占土地面积的比例高于全省平均值12 31%的6个设区市都是位于东部沿海,占全省土地总面积44 20%的东部沿海占据了侵蚀总面积的56 26%,相对侵蚀面积东、西部分别为15 66%和9 65%。然而,强度以上侵蚀面积则东部沿海比西部内地少196 56km;从土壤侵蚀现状图上还表现出侵蚀斑大多分布在人类生活区附近,离居民区越近,侵蚀越重的特点。90年代末期的土壤侵蚀主要为水力侵蚀,侵蚀面积为13127 31km2,随着侵蚀强度的增加而减少,其空间分布规律与90年代中期一致,即土壤侵蚀在空间分布上呈现出块状不连续分布的特点,侵蚀总面积和轻中度侵蚀面积由东南部沿海向西北部内陆下降而强度以上侵蚀面积相反。根据福建省土壤侵蚀空间分布规律,结合福建省的生态环境特点,作者提出了发挥生态自我修复功能、发展经济,解决农村能源问题、加强监督执法和监测工作等对策。
By using the '3S' technique, twice investigation of soil erosion were accomplished. As a result, the data of soil erosion of 1995 and 2000 were acquired, which reflected the status of soil erosion in the middle and end of 1990's in Fujian, respectively. The main type of soil erosion in Fujian in the middle of 1990's is water erosion, which occupied 98.2 percent of the total erosion area (i.e. (150 70.07) km^2), and area of soil erosion decreased with intensity of soil erosion increasing. The ratio of area of erosion and area of land (called relative area) which exceeded the average of the whole province (i.e.12.31%) had six prefectures where located in the southeastern littoral zones. The ratio of land of the southeastern littoral zones and the whole province is 44.20 percent; on the contrary, the ration of soil erosion of the southeastern littoral zones and the whole province is 56.26%. Relative area of the southeastern littoral zones is 15.66 percent, which surpassed the ratio of the northwestern inland zones, area of soil erosion above intensive intensity of the southeastern littoral zones less than of he northwestern inland zones. The map of soil erosion showed that soil erosion mainly distributed near residential areas. Water erosion was the major type of the soil erosion in Fujian in the end of 1990s, the total area of soil erosion was (13 127.31) km^2, which decreased with the soil erosion intensity increasing. The spatial distribution law of soil erosion was as the same as it in the middle of 1990's, which appears the characteristics of discontinuous-block distribution, and mainly distributes near residential areas, and the total area of erosion and the area of slight and moderate erosion decrease gradually from the southeastern littoral zones to the northwestern inland zones, and intensive erosion and beyond on the contrary. According to the spatial distribution law of soil erosion and the characteristics of eco-environment in Fujian province, practices as bringing the self-rehabilitating capacity of ecosystem into full play, developing economics to solve the energy resource in rural area, improving supervising and monitoring, are suggested to control soil erosion in Fujian.
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第z1期111-118,共8页
Resources Science
关键词
土壤侵蚀
空间分布
防治对策
Soil Erosion
Spatial distribution
Countermeasure
