摘要
本文通过对历史事实的分析揭示了美国在“9·11”之后作为“新帝国”在一系列问题上所面临的文化矛盾 :其帝国地位与其基本的民主价值观之间的矛盾 ;美国重新审视其社会的开放性 ,而实行一个较为强硬的移民政策 ,这对美国社会的根本特点———移民性———构成威胁 ;总统权力扩大 ,行政与国会之间的权力制衡受到了挑战 ;在理念上 ,美国政府可以反恐的名义而限制公民自由 ,可以说限制了美国价值中的核心部分 ;国际恐怖主义所宣称的宗教性 ,以及美国文化内部的宗教冲动 ,使美国处于十分尴尬的文化困境。本文指出 ,美国所面临的种种文化悖论从表面上看源于其反恐所采取的战略 ,即美国不是依靠现行的国际机制采取政治的手段 ,而是采取先发制人的单边主义的军事手段来对付国际恐怖主义 ,但其深层原因则是韦伯所谓的“攫取型道德”、天赋使命感 ,以及普世主义的美国主义。
The paper discusses in a histro-positivistic approach the stress and strain the United States faces after September 11 in issues related to the relations between its neo-imperialist status and its basic democratic values. The United States has reexamined the pros and cons of open society and has tightened its immigration policy. This poses a threat to its very feature - a society of immigrants from different cultures. The president has expanded its power, and the balance between the administration and the Congress is well challenged. To limit civil liberties under the name of the war on terrorism is to limit the core of American value. The religious claims by international terrorists, coupled with the religious impulse within American culture, has thrown the United States into a cultural fix. However, the author argues, they should be attributed more to its Weberian 'acquisitive morality,' its sense of manifest destiny and the universalistic Americanism.
出处
《美国研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2004年第2期40-57,共18页
The Chinese Journal of American Studies
