摘要
地震的显性影响直观和显著,而隐性作用则难以观察和获取.为了探究在没有明显地震损毁的情况下,2008年5·12汶川大地震对大熊猫主食竹繁殖更新和生长发育等生态习性的影响,应用固定样方法、定位观察法和非破坏性重量估测法,连续研究了地震前后(2003 ～2011)卧龙自然保护区大熊猫栖息地内拐棍竹无性系种群的更新动态、生长发育特征、径级分布规律和生物量结构.结果表明,地震前后拐棍竹无性系种群的新笋萌发量之间没有显著性差异(P＞0.05),显示出该种群具有对地震很好的应变力和恢复力;但整个种群数量处于逐渐递降趋势,这与拐棍竹无性系种群接近于开花枯死期的生命周期有关.从拐棍竹现存植株个体和无性系种群的地径和株高生长、径级分布格局和生物量结构分析,地震主要作用于次年(2009)和第三年(2010)的竹笋生长(P＜0.01),且对幼竹和成竹,以及整个种群的影响并不显著(P＞0.05).从而,验证了在没有受到地震直接毁坏的情况下,大熊猫主食竹与野生大熊猫种群一样,由于经过长期的生存进化,历史上经受过无数次大小地震的波及,其种群已具有自我修复能力,能较快地恢复到正常的和自然的动态发展状态的假设.
The dominant influences of an earthquake are intuitive and obvious,but its implicit effects are difficult to observe and obtain.We sought to understand the implicit impacts of the Wenchuan earthquake,which occurred on May 12,2008,on the ecological characteristics of Fargesia robusta,the staple food bamboo of the giant panda.The regeneration dynamics,growth characteristics,basal diameter class distribution,and biomass structure of the clonal population were studied using the methods of fixed plot / position surveys and non-destructive weight estimation in Wolong Nature Reserve during 2003- 2011.The results showed that the number of germinated new shoots was not significantly different before and after the earthquake,suggesting that the population recovered well against the earthquake.However,the whole population showed a gradually descending trend,indicating that the population is in the dying stage of its life cycle.In terms of the basal diameter,stem height,diameter class distribution and biomass structure of the population,bamboo shoot growth was mainly affected in the next two years after the earthquake,while,the growth of young and adult bamboos were not significantly affected.These results supported our hypothesis that both giant panda and its staple food bamboos have evolved an ability to self-repair in response to disturbances,thus,the populations are able to survive and quickly return to their natural state after repeated earthquakes.
出处
《竹子研究汇刊》
北大核心
2014年第1期16-24,共9页
Journal of Bamboo Research
基金
四川省科技支撑项目(2008SZ0155)
国家林业局大熊猫国际合作基金项目(SD1113)
卧龙大熊猫俱乐部项目(GP2004-09)
香港海洋公园保育基金项目(GP09_1213)
