摘要
唐代银器皿上,一些不见于中国传统器物的特点,常被称为"西方风格"。概括地说唐代金银器皿的发展受西方影响,不会引起争议;如果具体到某一器物或器类与特定地区的关系时,就有不同的见解。过去,学者们论及一些具体器物与西方的关系,多视为受"萨珊"的影响,然而很少有详细的论证。夏鼐先生在《近年中国出土的萨珊朝文物》文中的"金银器"一节,仅提到西安南郊何家村出土的唐代高足银杯、八棱金银杯(本文称为带把杯)和内蒙古敖汉旗李家营子出土的带把银壶为萨珊式。对于大量出土和传世的唐代金银器皿,从考古学角度,通过器皿类的比较,探索中西方文化的关系,是极有意义的。中国近些年大量出土的唐代金银器皿和浩繁的历史文献中对西方诸国的记述,为探求中西金银器皿的关系提供了丰富资料。
It is generally recognized in academic circles that the production of gold and silver vessels in Tang China was deeply influenced by western countries, but this problem has little been expounded. The numerous gold and silver vessels discovered in China for recent years and the statements on western countries in historical texts, however, pro- vide rich data for researching into the ancient Chinese-western relationship in this field. The ancient gold and silver vessels discovered in China, as lots of them (including products imported from western countries) are unearthed from definitely-dated tombs and the fest can be determined in relative date, play an important role in the study of the Chinese-western cultural relationship, some imports can even be held to be standard objects in the dating of western gold and silver vessels. Through comparisons with gold and silver wares of western countries, among the Chinese finds can be distinguished vessels produced in Sassanian Persia, Sogdiana and Rome-Byzantine respectively as well as three systems of Chinese products influenced by each of these regions. The silver ware imported from Sogdiana include the handled-ewers, handled-cups, dishes and lobed-dishes unearthed in Inner Mongolia, two bowls from Xi'an and an ewer from Kuancheng, Hebei. The handled-cup and petal-shaped multi-lobed bowl of Tang China must have produced under the influence of the Sogdian silver ware. Sassanian silver objects had been imported into China before the imitation of the Sassanian silver lobed-dish appeared in Tang times. Later, this sort of vessel evolved into two types different from each other in use. The winged animal and 'heraldic de- sign' on gold and silver vessels of Tang China are obviously elements absorbed from Sassanian art. The silver goblet of the Tang period isn't a traditional Chinese type; its appearance in China must have come about under influence from Rome-Byzantine. By the middle 8th century, China had finished the sinicization of gold and silver vessel production, and had developed the distinctive features of her own in this field, which exerted influence upon Central and Western Asia through the Silk Road.
出处
《考古学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
1994年第2期173-190,共18页
Acta Archaeologica Sinica
