摘要
北京西山地区煤炭开采活动造成的地表变形和塌陷，主要表现形式是地表移动形成盆地、塌坑、产生地裂、山体滑塌和地表不均匀下沉等。其相应的灾害涉及面较广，因而加剧了该区地质环境的恶化。塌陷形成的主要影响因素是：采空区的面积及其距地表的垂直深度、煤层开采厚度、岩层倾角的变化、煤层顶板岩性特征、重复采动的影响、表土层的厚度及岩性、区域水文地质条件及降雨和地势的影响。
In Xishan region of Beijing, the main occurences of surface deformation and collapse,resulted from the coal-mining activities for over 40 years, are surfacial moving basins,collapse pits, ground fractures, mountain landslides and the uneven subsidence of ground surface. The major calamities that resulted from them have broad effects. Which strenthened the worsening of the geological environments of hilly region. Primarilly analysed the major factors that may form surfacial collapses in this region,the present authors concluded that the major factors to form collapses and affect the occurence morphology of the collapses are: variation of the strata dip angles, the size of mining-out area and the vertical depth from ground surface, the productive thickness of the coalbeds, the lithological features of coalbed roof, the influence of repeatedly mining, the thickness and lithology of surfacial soil, the influence of regional hydrogeology condition and the relief.
出处
《中国地质灾害与防治学报》
CSCD
1994年第S1期124-129,165,共7页
The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control
关键词
地面塌陷
塌陷类型
塌陷灾害
塌陷成因
防治措施
surface collapse, types of collapse, collapse disaster, collapse formation factors, preventing methods
