摘要
利用FAO推荐的CROPWAT软件和CLIMWAT数据库,对2001～2010年重庆市部分农作物的单位虚拟水含量以及虚拟水总量进行计算,为重庆市农作物种植结构调整提供建议。对作物的单位虚拟水含量而言,花生最高,蔬菜最低。从虚拟水总量来看,水稻用水量最高,接近40亿m3,花生用水量最低。从时间尺度分析作物的单位虚拟水含量,蔬菜较为稳定,其它作物的变化趋势较为一致;花生的虚拟水总量一直维持在一个较低水平,蔬菜有所增加,而小麦则明显下降。从单位虚拟水含量角度看,在重庆市种植水稻、玉米和蔬菜是适宜的,而小麦则不适合。依据虚拟水总量的研究数据,建议重庆市提高经济作物种植面积,并加大农作物虚拟水贸易。
Water is scarce in China.Rapid economic and societal development,as well as the dense population,cause severe pressure on local water resources.This paper aimed to provide a new thought of adjusting the agricultural structure by calculating the virtual water in Chongqing.This paper used the CROPWAT model and CLIMWAT database recommended by FAO to investigate the temporal patterns of the virtual water content and total virtual water requirements for rice,wheat,maize,groundnut and vegetables in Chongqing from 2001 to 2010,and gave a suggestion about the adjustment of the crop planting structure in Chongqing.The results showed that the groundnut had the highest water demand per kilogram,vegetable had the lowest.Rice had the highest total virtual water needs,which was closed to 40 ×108 m3,while the groundnut need the lowest total virtual water.During the studied period,water demands per kilogram of vegetable stayed stable.The variation trend of most products were coincident,which appeared the trend of decline before or after 2006.The gross virtual water of groundnut stayed a low level,whereas the total needs of vegetable increased,while the needs of wheat was dramatic decline.In terms of the per-unit virtual water content,it is appropriate to plant rice,maize and vegetables in Chongqing.However,wheat is not inappropriate to plant in Chongqing.The agricultural structure can be changed and increase the virtual water trade to exploit water properly.
出处
《长江流域资源与环境》
CAS
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第S1期6-10,共5页
Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51239009
41171034)
中央财政支持地方高校发展专项资金特色重点学科项目(106-56X1205)
