摘要
背景 当前,安全社区作为预防伤害的模式受到全世界的认同,正在世界范围内蓬勃发展.目前已有335个社区通过了世界卫生组织安全社区促进中心的审核,成为国际安全社区.目的 评价世界卫生组织安全社区模式的效果,为预防全人群伤害提供科学依据.检索策略 计算机检索CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library),PubMed,EMBASE,ISI Web of Science,中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM),中国知网中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI),万方数据知识服务平台,重庆维普资讯中文科技期刊数据库.检索日期始于各数据库起始日期,截止至2014年5月18日.手工检索根据参考文献选择相关研究和评论进行检索和世界卫生组织安全社区促进中心(http://www.ki.se/csp/who_publications_en.htm)、欧洲安全社区网络(http://www.safecomeurope.com/2011/)、中国职业安全健康协会(http://www.cosha.org.cn/)中的相关文献.纳入标准 凡是在安全社区中进行的有对照组的干预试验,结局指标为伤害率变化的研究文献,都被纳入.资料提取与分析 由于纳入的研究异质性较大,不适合做Meta分析,因此进行定性的系统综述,采用Cochrane Effective Practice和Organization of Care Review Group (EPOC)的标准描述数据收集清单进行质量控制.结果 纳入的25篇研究文献所涉及的12个社区分布在瑞典、挪威、奥地利、澳大利亚、新西兰和中国.对这些研究的评价显示,部分社区伤害预防项目没有明显效果,虽然另一些社区在总体干预效果上有积极的报告,后续的伤害变化率之间也有差异.结论 由于方法、实施干预措施的过程和强度、项目的效果和评估分析方法的异质性,已有的研究仍不足以得出明确的结论证.由于安全社区模式的多元化,纳入的研究在伤害率减少方面没有详细描述,很难确定缺失的信息在干预效果方面的作用.
Background At present,safe community' has been embraced around the world as a model for co-ordinating community efforts to enhance safety and reduce injury. There are 335 communities throughout the word that have been recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as `Safe Communities'. Objectives To provide reference for preventing injury in whole populations by evaluating the effectiveness of the WHO Safe Communities model.Search Methods We searched the databases including CENTRAL, PubMed, EMBASE, ISI Web of Science, CBM, CNKI,WANGFANG and CQVIP, date back to the beginning of them from May 18, 2014. Manual search was done with WHO Collaborating Centre on Community Safety Promotion (http://www.ki.se/csp/whojublications_ en.htm), European safe community Network (http://www.safecomeurope.comf20lll),and China Occupational safety and Health Association(http://www.cosha.org.cn/). Selection criteria All included injury intervention studies met two criteria: a control community was used as control, and the injury rate was compared between the two communities. Data collection and analysis Meta-analysis was not conducted due to the heterogeneity of the included studies. Instead, we performed a systematic review, plus a standard description data collection list of Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care Review Group (EPOC) for quality control. Results The analyzed 25 articles involved 12 communities from six countries of Sweden, Norway, Austria, Australia, New Zealand, and China. Of these studies, some reported positive results whereas the effect in the others was not different from the controls. The inconsistence was also seen in the subsequent changes in observed injury rates. Conclusions There is insufficient evidence for a definitive conclusion regarding the effectiveness of the WHO Safe Communities model on the prevention of injury. This is due to the differences in implementation of methods and the program, as well as the heterogeneity of evaluation methods. Because of the variety of safe community model and no description of the reduction in injury rates, it is difficult to determine the contribution of missed information to the effects of injury intervention.
出处
《伤害医学（电子版）》
2014年第4期8-15,共5页
Injury Medicine(Electronic Edition)
关键词
安全社区
干预策略
伤害预防
安全促进
Safe community
Intervention strategy
Injury prevention
Safe promotion
