摘要
采用室内土柱模拟淋溶方法,研究生物炭对不同土层土壤淋溶液体积以及铵态氮(NH+4-N)和硝态氮(NO-3-N)淋失量的影响。实验所用的生物炭以玉米秸秆(炭化温度500℃)为原料制成,分别按照炭土质量比0(T1)、1%(T2)、2%(T3)和4%(T4)施用于褐潮土中。结果表明:淋溶实验过程中,淋溶初期生物炭对土壤NH+4-N和NO-3-N的固持作用比较明显,且对NH+4-N的固持主要发生在0~10 cm土层,而对NO-3-N的固持主要发生在10~40 cm;生物炭能够有效增加土壤的持水能力,与不添加生物炭处理(T1)相比,T2、T3、T4处理的土柱累积淋溶液体积分别减少了10%、20%、26%,无机氮素淋失量显著降低,分别减少27%、48%、61%;无机氮素淋失量的减少主要来自NO-3-N,相对于不添加生物炭处理,T2、T3、T4处理NO-3-N累积淋失量分别为62.4、44.4、34.5 mg,分别减少了28%、49%、58%。总的来说,土壤中添加玉米秸秆生物炭能够有效降低土壤无机氮素的淋失风险。
Biochars have showed to decrease nutrient leaching losses from soils. In this study, a laboratory column study was conducted to examine the effects of biochar applications on leachate volume and leaching of ammonium nitrogen(NH+4-N)and nitrate nitrogen(NO-3-N)at different depths of soil. Corn-stalk biochar, obtained at 500 ℃, was applied to a Haplic Luvisol soil at rates of 0(T1), 1%(T2), 2%(T3)and 4%(T4)of soil mass. The results showed that biochar influenced NH+4-N and NO-3-N mainly at the initial leaching stage. The retention of NH+4-N largely occurred at 0~10 cm soil depth, whereas most of NO-3-N retained at 10~40 cm. Biochar effectively increased water holding capacity of the soil. As a result, addition of biochar reduced the leachate volume by 10% in T2, 20% in T3 and 26% in T4 compared with the control(T1). Inorganic N leaching was reduced by 27%, 48%, and 61% in T2, T3, and T4 treatments, respectively. NO-3-N was the major form of leached inorganic N, amounting to 62.4 mg(T2), 44.4 mg(T3), and 34.5 mg(T4), with a reduction of 28%, 49% and 58% in comparison with the control, respectively. Overall, these results demonstrate that applications of biochar could effectively reduce NH+4-N and NO-3-N leaching from Haplic Luvisol soil.
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第2期310-318,共9页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201303095-10)
国家自然科学基金(41301311,41203072)
