摘要
景观连接度和生境斑块重要性作为测度生境景观生态过程和生态功能的重要指标,已成为评价生境破碎化、识别生境景观中重要生境斑块与垫脚石、辨明恢复生境的关键节点位置的重要方法,对于生境保护、优化与恢复具有重要意义。本文以江苏盐城滨海湿地为研究区域,以人类活动影响较大的丹顶鹤越冬生境为对象,运用景观连接度指标和两种斑块重要性评价方法,考察1992-2012年间越冬丹顶鹤适宜生境时空格局变化特征,并探讨这期间的重要生境斑块与关键节点位置变化。结果发现:1992-2012年间,丹顶鹤生境连接度一直呈下降趋势;巨型斑块和大型斑块对于维持景观生境面积与生境连接度有着极其重要的作用,但处于关键节点位置的小型斑块作为垫脚石和连接要素的作用也不可忽视。从斑块重要性评价方法上来看,dPC指标反映的重要生境斑块更符合实际情况,BC(Betweenness Centrality)指标则可以明确需要恢复的重点生境位置,几种方法各有侧重,在指导区域生态保护与规划等方面各有优势,需综合考虑加以应用。
Landscape connectivity and prioritizing the importance of habitat patches have become major methods for measuring habitat fragmentation,identifying significant habitat patches and stepping stones and finding key locations for habitat restoration. Here,we took the Yancheng coastal wetland as a study area that provides wintering habitat for Red-crowned cranes(Genus species)and is affected by human activity. Landscape connectivity was used to reveal variation characteristics in spatio-temporal patterns of Red-crowned cranes wintering habitat since 1992.Priority indices for patch importance were used to demonstrate the distribution and change of supplement habitat patches and key nodes. We found that from 1992 to 2012,red-crowned crane habitat connectivity was decreasing. Huge patches and large patches play an extremely vital role in maintaining the landscape habitat area and habitat connectivity. However,small patches in a pivotal location can not be ignored as stepping stones and connecting elements. The indices used in this study have different advantages. For example,d IIC and d PC are calculated as relative variation in the landscape-level connectivity index after the removal of a particular individual patch from the landscape,they can identify the important patch in the concerned landscape. BC(Betweenness Centrality)is calculated by considering topological properties of the intact landscape network,it can be used to find the important location for restoring the habitat connectivity. Our combined finding on indices application suggest that the d PC was sui Tablele for recognizing the priority patches,and the BC was more appropriate for identifying the restoration plot. Therefore they should be addressed in regional ecological protection and planning in the future.
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第4期823-831,共9页
Resources Science
基金
江苏省青蓝工程人才计划项目(804096)
关键词
丹顶鹤
越冬生境
景观连接度
生境斑块重要性
评价
江苏盐城滨海湿地
red-crowned cranes
wintering habitat
landscape connectivity
priority of habitat patches
evaluation
Yancheng coastal wetland
