摘要
目的 了解农村既往有偿供血社区居民艾滋病 (AIDS)相关的歧视 ,为寻求降低歧视的方法提供科学依据。方法 选择 10个存在既往有偿供血的村庄 ,运用横断面调查的方法 ,由经过培训的调查员采用入户调查和村中拦截行人的方式 ,对 18～ 5 9岁村民进行问卷调查。结果 共调查有效问卷 4 77份。结果显示 ,在农村既往有偿供血社区存在严重的AIDS相关歧视和耻辱 ,主要表现为不与艾滋病病毒 (HIV)感染者来往和不与他们在一起吃饭 ,分别占 5 8 91%和 5 1 36 % ,引起歧视的主要原因有 84 2 8%的人是害怕被传染。AIDS歧视人群主要来自于本村和邻近村 ,分别占 86 37%和 5 3 88% ;有 80 0 8%的人认为可以通过宣传教育来降低AIDS相关的歧视和耻辱。人们对于HIV感染者的态度与其感染途径有关 ,80 2 9%的人对于通过有偿供血途径感染上HIV的人持同情态度。结论 农村既往有偿供血社区存在着严重的AIDS相关歧视和耻辱 ,降低AIDS歧视应作为今后宣传教育的工作重点。
Objective To assess HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination among residents in rural community with a past history of blood donation,and provide a scientific basis for seeking stigma reduction methods.Methods A cross-sectional study was performed by trained interviewers among villagers aged 18-59 in ten selected villages with a past history of paid blood donation.Study subjects were conveniently selected and interviewed at home or while walking in the village street.Results A total of 477 valid questionnaires were collected.The results indicated that HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination remain a serious problem in rural community with a past history of paid blood donation.The main manifestations of HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination were:reluctance to communicate with HIV positive persons and eating with them together,the proportion was 58.91% and 51.36%,respectively.The main reason was that villagers were afraid of being infected(84.28%),and discrimination was mainly from villagers within their village(86.37%)and in adjacent villages(53.88%).80.08% of subjects agreed that health education could reduce HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination.The subject's attitude to persons with HIV infection was associated with their infection route.80.29% felt compassion toward HIV positives infected persons through selling blood/plasma.Conclusion HIV/AIDS related stigma and discrimination are a serious problem in rural community with a past history of former paid blood donation.Stigma reduction must be an emphasis for AIDS educational efforts.
出处
《中国艾滋病性病》
CAS
2004年第3期175-177,共3页
Chinese Journal of Aids & STD
