7Malone J I, Morrison A D, Pavan P, et al.Prevalence and significance of retinopathy in subjects with 1 diabetes of less than 5 years duration screened for the diabetes control and complications trial[J] .Diabetes Care, 2001, 24: 522-526.
8Nakajima M, Cooney M J, Alexander H T, et al.Normalization of retinal vascular permeability in experimental diabetes with genistein [J] . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2001, 42: 2110- 2114.
9Xiang H D.The morbitity of chronic complication of Chinese patiens with DM within 1991 -2000 [J] .Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 2000, 56 (suppl): 84.
10Chung H S, Harri S, Halter P, et al.Regianal differentes in retinal vas cular reactivity [ J ] .Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci,1999, 40:2448 - 2453.
4Klein R, Klein BE, Moss BE et al. The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. Ⅳ. Diabetic macular edema[ J]. Ophthalmology, 1984,91:1464-1474.
5Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Focal photocoagulation treatment of diabetic macular edema [ J ]. Arch Ophthalmol, 1995,113 : 1144-1155.
7Malone JI,Morrison AD,Pavan P,et al.Prevalence and significance of retinopathy in subjects with 1 diabetes of less than 5 years' duration screened for the diabetes control and complications trial[J].Diabetes Care,2001,24:522
8Chaturvedi N,Sjoelin AK,Porta M,et al.Markers of insulin resistance are strong risk factors for retinopathy incidence in type 1 diabetes[J].Diabetes Care,2001,24:284