摘要
忠实,作为一个翻译学的术语,从根本上讲是一个伦理判断,然而伦理的忠实却只承认绝对忠实,而不承认相对忠实,而绝对忠实显然是不符合翻译实际的。本文认为忠实的概念是建立在一系列错误的假定之上的,其中一个带有根本性的错误假定就是原文话语之中一定有一个恒定不变的原意,德里达用延异这一反概念证明了意义的不确定性,从而抽去了原意确定论的立论基础;同时新批评也用意图谬误说论证了作者意图的不确定性,从另一个角度证明了原意确定论的不切实际性,进一步支持了对忠实的解构;此外,传统的归化翻译所推崇的忠实还严重地扭曲了被翻译文化的文化身份。这一切都表明,翻译的忠实是一个不切实际的、永远无法实现的乌托邦,最准确的翻译充其量也只能做到"近真",而不可能同真或忠实。
Despite the central role it plays in the conceptualization of translation, the notion of 'fidelity' is theoretically untenable. It embodies an all-or-nothing ethical judgment and hence can hardly function as a criterion for evaluating translations. The source text having lost its assumed determinant meaning under the dual impact from the New Critics' exposure of the 'intentional fallacy' and Derrida's deployment of his famous non-concept difference, exactly what the target text is faithful to is called into serious question. And the inherent tendency in translational practices to domesticate whatever the source text signifies also makes misrepresentation of the cultural identities involved unavoidable. Once 'fidelity' is debunked, the time-honored myth of translation as cross-linguistic and cross-cultural transference of meaning will also collapse.
出处
《中国翻译》
CSSCI
北大核心
2004年第6期3-9,共7页
Chinese Translators Journal
关键词
忠实
解构
伦理
意图谬误
fidelity
deconstruction
ethics
intentional fallacy
