摘要
长期以来,动词论元结构的研究一直是以静态的研究方法占主导地位。本文主张,动词的论元结构在本质上有开放性和动态变化的特征,会因语言运用、借时间的推移而产生变化。产生论元结构变化的一个必要条件是动词的高频性。结合“吃”在实际语料中的用法,我们论证下列观点:第一,频率越高的动词论元结构越不稳定。第二,实际语言运用中所见到的动词经常和典型论元相结合、较少和非典型论元相结合。第三,被扩大的论元结构首先会涉及最接近核心的论元类型。第四,论元结构的扩大作为一种重要的结构变化以不妨碍交际为前提,因此在时间上是一个缓慢的过程,在句法构造上有特别标记。第五,句法的变化不排除甚至常常伴随着语义的变化。
This paper deals with changes in argument structure in chi 'eat' in Chinese. Evidence from corpora of Modem and Contemporary Chinese is presented to argue for a understanding of the nature of the association of argument and verb as a dynamic, discourse process, which cannot be explained by semeantics alone. It will be demonstrated that foe evolution path of this process is shaped by frequency of langUage use and the principle of prototypicality widely observed in human cognition.
出处
《语言研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2000年第3期21-38,共18页
Studies in Language and Linguistics