摘要
由松球壳孢菌引起的松梢枯病在江苏普遍且严重地发生。该病菌只在病死针叶、叶鞘和鳞叶上产生分生孢子器。越冬病组织中的分生孢子器、菌丝体越冬后形成的分生孢子器内的分生孢子为初次侵染的重要来源。孢子藉雨水传播,生长季节里持续2h以上的降雨均能使孢子大量释放。 孢子有4个释放高峰,分别侵染湿地松、火炬松的春、夏、秋梢和过冬芽。嫩梢初期最易感病,其时嫩梢长约为成长梢全长的1/3左右。病菌以直接侵入为主,不能从气孔侵入。20年生以上国外松抗病性明显下降,但接种体多时幼林亦严重发病。各树种对该病的抗性从低到高的顺序为:刚松、短叶松、火炬松、湿地松、黑松、云南松、马尾松。瘠薄林地病害严重。
The die-back of pines caused by Sphaerpsis sapinea (Fr.) Dyko & Button widely occurred in Jiangsu Province in recent years. Pycnidia of the causal fungus developed on infected needles, sheathes and scaly-leaves. Conidia are dispersed by rain. The pathogen of die-back of pine can't dissminated by seeds. The infectious stages of pine shoots coincided with the conidia-releasing stages respectively. The tender shoots are highly susceptible when their lengths reach to about one-third of the total length. The pathogen invade the shoot by direct penetration through the epidermis. Mature pine stands may become more susceptible, but young stands surrounded by severely diseased mature pine stands is also infected severely. Pine stands on poor sites are seriously infected. Pinus massoniana is the most resistant species of the genus. The other species in order of susceptibility are Pinus riglda, P. bariksiana, P. taeda, P. elliottii, P. thunbergii, and P. yunnanensis.
出处
《林业科学研究》
CSCD
北大核心
1993年第2期157-161,共5页
Forest Research
关键词
松树
梢枯病
发生规律
die-back of pines, Sphaeropsis sapinea,seed testing,spore trapping
