摘要
目的探讨胫骨高位截骨术治疗膝关节内侧间室骨性关节炎后髌骨低位与胫骨近端关节面后倾角度改变之间的关系,并提出预防和控制髌骨低位的措施。方法41例(48膝)膝关节内侧间隙骨性关节炎患者,男30例(33膝),女11例(15膝);年龄45～56岁,平均52岁。所有病例均行胫骨外侧高位楔形截骨术。根据术前测量的截骨角度(内翻角+正常外翻角+过度矫形3°～5°),在槽刀和导向器等辅助下切除楔形骨块,用改良Giebel槽式钢板拉力螺钉内固定,术后不需外固定。测量48膝行胫骨高位截骨术患者术前及术后X线片的Insall-Salvati比值、胫骨近端关节面后倾角度、胫骨结节高度、患肢解剖轴线角度,并用χ2检验和直线回归分析进行统计学处理。检验时假定术后胫骨近端关节面后倾角度减小≥5°以及髌骨高度下降≥10%具有临床意义。结果术后胫骨近端关节面后倾角度比术前平均减小6.14°,Insall-Salvati比值术前、术后相对变化率为10.6%,胫骨结节高度比术前平均下降3.13mm。64.6%的病例胫骨近端关节面后倾角度减小≥5°。按Insall-Salvati比值结果,56.2%的病例髌骨高度相对下降率≥10%。胫骨近端关节面后倾角度的减小与髌骨高度的相对下降具有显著的统计学相关性。结论胫骨近端关节面后倾角度的减小与髌骨低位具有相关性,提示在施行胫骨高?
Objective The purpose was to explore the preventive measures of patellar baja following high tibial osteotomy for osteoarthritis, and the correlation between alteration in the inclination of the proximal tibial articular surface and patellar baja was evaluated as well. Methods In the group, there were 41 cases (48 knees), which included 30 males and 11 females, aging from 45 to 56 years with the mean age of 52 years. The size of resected bone of the arthritic knee needed to achieve a normal angle was calculated, and an additional 3 to 5 degrees of overcorrection was added to achieve approximately 10 degrees of genu valgum. The Insall-Salvati ratio, the inclination of the proximal tibial articular surface, the tibial tubercle height and the anatomic axis of the affected limbs were measured on the preoperative, postoperative as well as the final follow-up radiographs respectively. Chi-square test and linear regression analysis were used to assess the influence of loss of proximal tibial articular inclination on the patellar height. In the statistical analysis, loss more than 5 degrees of proximal tibial articular inclination and lowering more than 10% of the patella following tibial osteotomy were assumed of clinical significance. Results Compared with the preoperative results, the postoperative inclination of the proximal tibial articular surface was decreased by a mean of 6.14 degrees; the postoperative Insall-Salvati ratio was decreased by a mean of 10.6%; the postoperative height of the tibial tubercle was decreased by a mean of 3.13 mm. 64.6% (31/48 knees) endured loss more than 5 degrees of posterior tibial inclination after high tibial osteotomy, whereas 56.2% (28/48 knees) showed a relative lowering of patellar height more than 10%, as measured by the Insall-Salvati ratio. The loss of the normal posterior tibial inclination was found to have a statistically significant correlation with the subsequent loss of the patellar height. Conclusion The loss of inclination of the proximal tibial articular surface is found to have a correlation with the loss of the patellar height. Clinically, the result suggests that preserving the inclination of the proximal tibial articular surface at the time of high tibial osteotomy could minimize the risk of patellar lowering after the high tibial osteotomy.
出处
《中华骨科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第8期449-451,共3页
Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics
