摘要
地域分异是地球表层大小不等、内部具有一定相似性地段之间的相互分化以及由此产生的差异。为了研究不同区位土壤侵蚀问题,从土壤生态景观及系统论出发,运用地质学、地理学、景观生态学、环境学的理论和研究方法,研究湖北省土壤侵蚀景观空间格局及其驱动因子,使土壤侵蚀问题研究提高到一个新的水平。湖北省土壤侵蚀景观具有南北分带、东西分区,为一不对称的断块—环组合,土壤流呈现向长江、江汉盆地中心轴带辐聚、单流向特点。景观空间异质性形成的首要驱动因子是大地构造背景,以房县-襄樊-广济断裂带为界,南北两侧地壳物质组成和构造发展史存在较明显的差异,现代气候带、降雨量、温热程度及土地利用等差异,造成了湖北省区域土壤地理、土壤生态的分异,形成湖北省土壤生态带、区具有南北分带,东西分区的宏观格局;其次大兴安岭-武陵山深部构造陡变带两侧新构造运动强度差异、大别造山带构造强烈隆升,导致土壤侵蚀强度的西强东弱、南北强中间弱的态势;成土母岩差异性决定了土壤可蚀性的多变;空间上"土壤侵蚀内城区"分布在湖北省的周边地区,经济贫困、管理落后,这一地区的经济水平与水土流失间形成"自反馈作用",这一现象在我国水土保持、生态建设工作中应该引起重视。
Based on the soil landscape ecology and systemic theory, in order to study the problem of soil erosion, the authors research the spatial heterogeneity of soil erosion landscape and its driving factors in Hubei Province by the theory and methodology of geology, geography, landscape ecology and environmental science. Soil erosion landscape in Hubei Province can be divided into the southern and northern zone, and eastern and western block, which is an unsymmetry framework of break-block ring. Yangtze River and the Jianghan Basin is the deposit center of transporting sand. The current of soil characterizes assembling to the center from north and south. The initial state of soil erosion in Hubei Province is that soil erosion intensity in western area is stronger than eastern area, southern and northern area is stronger than the center. Spatial patterns of soil erosion landscape are primarily restricted by tectonic background. The tectonic patterns of Hubei Province are divided into the southern and northern parts by Fangxian-Xiangfan-Guangdi deep fault zone. There are different lithosphere and tectonic movements in the two varying parts. In addition to the distinction of present climate zone, precipitation, temperature and humidity and land use, it formed that the spatial heterogeneity of the geographic soil zone and ecological soil zone. The soil erosion intensity is also enslaved to the discrepancy of neotectonic movement intensity in the two side of Daxinanling-Wuling mountains zone and the intensive uplifting of Dabie orogenic belt. The diversity of host rocks decided the complex multiplicity of soil erodibility. The intense soil erosion areas are located at the edge of Hubei Province. The relationship between the level of economical development and the soil erosion characterized as self-feed back. It should be pay a great attention to the phenomena in the project of the conservation of soil and water.
出处
《中国地质灾害与防治学报》
CSCD
2004年第4期49-53,共5页
The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control
关键词
土壤侵蚀景观
空间异质性
驱动因子
不对称断块—环组合
土壤侵蚀度
自反馈
湖北省
soil erosion landscape
spatial heterogeneity
driving factors
unsymmetry framework of break-block ring
soil erodibility
self-feed back
Hubei Province
