摘要
道德终极标准是各种道德规范和道德行为的根本准则。用经济学的方法分析、解读道德终极标准,道德的根本目的就是通过调整利益关系,达到利益最大化。这种道德终极标准体现了义利统一的道德价值观,它不仅是评价一切道德行为善恶的根本标准,也是评价一切道德规范优劣的根本标准。道德终极标准具有三种形态:一是在利益冲突时,增加边际效用大的利益;二是在利益不冲突时,不损害一人地增加利益总量;三是无论利益是否冲突,“自我牺牲”的利他行为一般都是善的、道德的。
This paper aims to interpret the ultimate standard of ethics the fundamental principle of moral standards and of moral behaviors by the methods of economics. Essentially, ethics could maximize benefits through interest adjustment, illustrating a unity of credit and benefit——value of ethics that can be treated as the prime criterion judging all behaviors as well as the essential norm identifying code of ethics. The ultimate standard functions in the three cases: increasing the benefit with bigger marginal effect when interest conflicts; never damage the benefits of any person to expand aggregate interests if no conflicts happen; “self-sacrifice” behavior for others should be regarded as the virtuous, the moral no matter whether there are benefit conflicts or not.
出处
《学术交流》
北大核心
2005年第2期15-20,共6页
Academic Exchange
关键词
利益
道德
终极标准
interests
ethics
ultimate code
