摘要
学界一般认为 :北朝时期 ,乡村因实行三长制而不存在乡里编制。其实在实行三长制的同时 ,北朝乡村依然存在广泛的乡里编制。约自北魏太和年间开始直到北朝末 ,除北齐时京畿地区不设乡里之外 ,均设有乡里编制。不同于前代的是 ,北朝的乡里具有划定的地域 ,这可能与实行均田制有关。乡里编制虽然普遍存在 ,但在实际生活中似乎未受到村民的积极认同 ;相反 ,他们对世代生活其中的村落表现出更强的归属感 ,并依托“村”组织活动 ,官方的乡里设置在村落受到架空。
It is generally believed in academic circles that during the Northern dynasty the Xiangli administrative system in which a xiang (county) was divided into several li (locality) ceased to exist with the establishment of sanzhang (literally “three heads,” that is, of lin , li , and dang , all local administrative units) system. But this was not so. Despite establishment of the sanzhang system, the xiangli system survived in rural areas during the Northern dynasty. With the exception of areas around the capital of Northern Qi, in the period from about the Taihe reign of Northern Wei to the end of Northern dynasty the xiangli system prevailed throughout the countryside. During the Northern dynasty, in contrast to previous dynasties, xiangli had fixed geographical boundaries, perhaps reflecting the system of equal allotment of land. Despite its ubiquitousness, however, ordinary villagers did not identify with the xiangli system in their everyday lives; rather, they showed a strong sense of belonging to the villages where they had lived for generations. Basing their activities on the village, the xiangli system existed for them only in form.
出处
《历史研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2001年第6期16-29,共14页
Historical Research
基金
国家社会科学基金项目"北朝乡村社会研究"的阶段性成果
