摘要
人口老龄化是人口年龄结构的变化 ,是社会经济发展影响人口发展过程的必然产物 ,同时将对社会经济发展和未来人口变化产生深刻的影响。我国同时是世界人口大国和老年人口大国 ,老龄化过程有着自身的特点和独特的成因机制。本文通过定量分析 ,认为我国人口老龄化的特征表现在四个方面 :①人口转变迅速 ,老龄化进程快 ;②老年人口绝对数量大 ,低龄老人多 ,高龄老人增长速度快 ;③人口老化与综合国力发展不相适应 ;④人口老龄化的区域差异显著。计划生育政策的推行和人口寿命的延长是我国人口老龄化的直接原因。最后提出了解决我国人口老龄化问题的对策与措施 :转变观念 ,科学、辨证地认识人口老龄化问题 ;努力提高劳动生产率 ,增强经济承受能力 ;建立符合我国国情的养老保障体系和老年照料体系 ;
Population aging means the increase trend of elder population over 65 years in an area or a country,which reflects the change of population age structure,results from social and economic development and affects the social and economic development as wellas population in future at the same time. China is not only the country with mass population but also a country with large elder population in the world, in which population aging process has especial tincture and reason. With the help of maths method,the paper gathers up character of population aging in China:①Population changes quickly and population aging process is speedy.②The absolute quantity of elder population is large, in which the amount is more at low age and increases fleetly to high age group.③It is not adaptive between population aging and comprehensive national strength.④The regional difference among all areas is distinctive. The essential reason is family planning policy and longer life. Lastly, some countermeasures are offered. For example, we should understand the problem of population aging with scientific attitude, advance laboring productivity, swell supporting power, set up safeguard system that was provided for aged and healthy elder society.
出处
《人文地理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2000年第5期24-29,共6页
Human Geography
关键词
人口老龄化
特点
成因
对策
中国
population aging
character
cause of formation
countermeasure
China
