摘要
LeonardTalmy(2000)论及的5类构架事件(framingevent)之一是“实现”。这一事件的语义成分可由动词和附加语分别或共同来表达。比较英语和汉语表达“实现事件”的词汇化模式,有如下发现:(一)英语趋向于更多地在动词中表达“实现”义,而汉语则是在附加语中表达“实现”义。(二)汉语动补结构中的补语成分都具有实义和虚义两种用法,虚义成分的功能是补足或确认前面动词未尽的完成义;实义的成分有独立的意义。(三)汉语的动补结构是“构式语法”意义上的一种“构式”。它的构式效应使得原本具有完全完成义的动词也需用上补语。(四)现代汉语的单音节属性和双音节化特点有助于形成匀称的“动+补”结构并影响动词语义的演变。
Realization”is one of the five framing events dealt with in Leonard Talmy(2000). The elements that compose the semantic domain of the event are expressed by either the verb root alone or the root and its satellite combined. A comparison of the lexicalization patterns of this event between English and Chinese has the following findings: 1. English and Chinese generally differ in encoding the meaning of “realization”, the former in the verb while the latter in the satellite. 2. The complement components in the Chinese “verb+complement” structure are divided between those that complement or confirm fulfillment and those that encode a “further event”. 3. The Chinese “verb+complement”structure is actually a “construction”, which coerces the original verbs of complete fulfillment to take confirmatory complements. 4. The monosyllabic property of the smallest semantic unit and the dual-syllabic structure of words that characterize Chinese have effected the change mentioned above.
出处
《外国语》
CSSCI
北大核心
2005年第1期23-29,共7页
Journal of Foreign Languages
