摘要
根据自1976年以来全国水面蒸发与散热研究协作组在我国各典型地区的原体与室内实验资料和大量水文站历史资料,通过理论分析和统计检验,确定了影响水面蒸发的诸因子及其非线性相互作用,引入了新的无量纲参数和公式结构,用实测资料统计确定了公式中的常系数,得到了用开敞湖面一般水文气象资料计算逐日蒸发和散热系数的公式。经全国务典型气候带内务季节湖泊(水库)和受热污染水体上原体观测和室内专题实验共1860组日平均检验,公式的精度高于现有其他公式。全文分两部分,本文刊出第二部分,内容包括:公式的检验;水文气象要素对α的影响;水面散热系数的计算和结语。
According to the abundant data collected in field and laboratory experiments by the State Collaboration Research Group on Evaporation and Heat Loss from Water Surface since 1976 and a number of historical data observed in hydrological stations located in the typical regions in China, the elements influencing evaporation from water surface and the nonlinear interactions between them are determined, new non-dimensional parameters and new structure of the formulae are recommended. The constant coefficients in the formulae are determined based on the statistical analysis on measured data. The formulae for calculating daily evaporation and heat loss coefficient from water surface by using the data of regular hydrometeorlogical elements (water temperature; air temperature, vapour pressure; wind speed; and atmospheric pressure) have been obtained. The formulae were tested by 1860 group data collected from both natural lakes (reservoirs) and thermal polluted water bodies during various seasons in different climate regions of China, and also from laboratory experimental data. It is shown that the accuracy of this suggested the formulae is higher than that of other existing formulae.
This paper consists of two parts. This is the second part, which includes the test of the formulae, influence of hydrometeorlogical elements on evaporation, calculation of heat loss coefficient, and conclusion.
出处
《湖泊科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
1994年第3期201-210,共10页
Journal of Lake Sciences
关键词
水面蒸发
蒸发公式
水面散热系数
evaporation from water surface, evaporation formula, heat loss coefficient from water surface
