摘要
从山东、江苏大豆孢囊线虫和番上的南方根给线虫卵中筛选分离到厚壁孢子轮枝菌。琼脂平板法测试这种食线虫真菌有寄生南方根结线虫卵的能力，发现一菌株的卵寄生率达９０．８％，高于同时分离到的淡紫似青霉。试验还表明不同来源的菌株，卵寄生半差异很大。温室盆钵试验６０天结果，０．１％的菌剂用量即可明显降低番茄上的南方根结线虫幼虫群体数量和根结指数，卵寄生率可达５３．７％。该菌在根围土壤和根表面的残留量分别是３．７×１０￣５个菌落／克土壤和６．３×１０￣５个菌落／克根。菌剂处埋对番茄植株的影响，１％的用量，地上部鲜重平均比对照重３．３克，每克根长比对照增长近１倍。各处理的番茄根和叶片均未出现任何病斑。
erticilium chlamydosporium was isolated from
eggs of Heteroderaglycines and Meloidogyneincognita in Shandong and Jiangsu provinces.The
parasitic ability of the fungus to infectisolated eggs of M.incognita was determined on water
agar at 26℃ after two days.The resultsshowed that 90.8% eggs were infected by the
isolates.The extent of parasitism was greater thanthat for Paecilomyces lilacinus which was
tested at the samc time. The results of experimentsconfirmed also that the proportion of eggs
infectcd was very variable with different isolates ofthe fungi.In a pot experiment,a 0.1%(w/W)
rate of the fungus applied to soil planted withtomatoes reduced the numbers of juveniles of M
incognita and the root gall index significantlyand resulted in an egg infection rate of 53.7%,The
isolate survived in soil and on the rootsurface of tomato plants at densities of 3.7×l05 colony
forming units/g soil and 6.3×l05 cfu/groot respectively.At the l% application rates,the top fresh
weight of tomato plants was 3.3gheavier than untreated plants,root length/g root increased by
as much as l-fold but plantheight as well as root fresh weight were not affected by the
treatment. No lesions wcre observedon roots growing in soil treated with V.chlamydosporium.
关键词
厚壁孢子
轮枝菌
根结线虫
菌茄
Verticilium chlamydosporium Meloidogyne incognita tomato biological control
