摘要
为了改善生态环境，中国政府于１９７８年开始在三北地区建设防护林体系。１５年来，共计完成人工造林１３３０万ｈｍ２，封山封沙育林６０万ｈｍ２，飞播造林６０万ｈｍ２，零星植树３０亿株，森林植被覆益率已由１５年前的５．０５％提高到８．６％，不仅取得了明显的生态效益和经济效益，也走出了一条有中国特色的防护林建设道路。今后的发展对策为：强化政府行为；调整经济政策；优化林种树种结构；增加科技含量。
Abstract The ecologic crisis resulting from drought ,wind ,sand and soil and water lossrestrain the economic and cultural development of the three northern regions in China.They are also a serious challenge to the existence and development of the Chinese peo-ple. For these reasons ,the central government decided to establish protective forest sys-tems in the three northern regions. Since the implementation of the said program for 15years ,the area of man- made forests was 13. 3 million ha, the area of hills closed forforest culture and the sand dunes fixed was 6 million ha ,the area air sown for afforesta-tion was 0. 6 million ha,while the trees planted in various scattered spots numbered 3billions. The forest coverage with the addition of orisinal natural forests and plantationshas increased from 5. 05% 15 years aso to 8. 6% now. Not only ronsiderable ecologicbenefits have been obtained,but a way to protective forest construction with Chinesecharacteristics is also found. The most unportant experiences are : ( 1 )A input mechanismincluding government subsidies , funds raised throush multi channels , and investmentby the people masses has been found. (2)A technical policy with the combination ofbelt ,network and patches and the combination of trees ,shrubs and srasses has been de-veloped. (3) The program is implemented beginnins from easy work first then to thedifficult , in areas from near to far places , and with part of work completed at differentperiods. (4 )The simple ecolosic type of protective forests is changed into an ecologic andeconomic one. The policy for future development is to intensify the government conduct ,readjust the economic policy , optiniize the structure of catesory of forests and tree speci-es and increase the scitech content.
出处
《世界林业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
1994年第1期64-69,共6页
World Forestry Research
