摘要
目的:研究妊娠少女性的避孕知识及行为,探索改变少女风险性行为及预防少女妊娠的方法。方法:采用自填式问卷的方法对2004年1～6月在上海市国际和平妇幼保健院要求终止妊娠的少女(10～19岁)进行性和避孕知识及行为调查。结果:调查对象平均年龄为(17.57±1.21)岁,20.0%来自中学,36.5%来自中专和职校,10.5%来自大学,其他33.0%来自社会无业和从业人员。性和避孕知识的主要来源是传媒、网络、同伴和男友。超过50%的少女妊娠超过12周不得不住院引产或成为少女妈妈;81.7%是第1次怀孕,其余18.3%已有1次以上的人工流产史,下生殖道感染率高达67%。少女对使用避孕措施的态度可以部分影响少女的避孕行为(P<0.01),紧急避孕知识的掌握也可以部分影响少女的避孕行为(P<0.05)(如与男朋友讨论使用避孕措施)。结论:少女人群早年开始性生活、多次流产、多性伴和高生殖道感染率等生殖健康的问题已逐渐凸现。全国范围内预防艾滋病的宣传已经深入到青少年人群,但学校性教育滞后的问题仍然存在。要改善少女人群的生殖健康问题,关键是改变少女的风险性行为,但仅向青少年人群提供知识尚不能达到最终改变行为的目的,还有很多影响因素,如:青少年人群对性和避孕的态度、个人的技能以及社会、社区的环境和氛围等。因此最终的方法应该?
Objective:Study the knowledge and behavior of sexuality and contraception among pregnant teenagers in order to find the way of changing risky sexual behavior and prevention of teenage pregnancy.Methods:A total of 124 cases pregnant teenagers filed a self-administrated questionnaire anonymously in Shanghai International Peace MCH Hospital from Jan, 2004-Jun, 2004.Results:The average age of subjects was 17.57+1.21, 20% of them were from middle school, 36.5% were from technical school, 10.5% were from college, and 33% were employer and unemployed. Source of knowledge of sexuality and contraception was mainly from mass media,internet and peers. More than 50% of the girls were pregnant over 12 weeks, and they had to have delayed abortion or to be teenage mothers. 18.3% of the girls have had at least one abortion; the lower genital infection rate was 67%. The attitude towards contraceptien may partialy affect contraceptive behavior(P<0.01). The girls who were better aware of emergency contraception were more likely to discuss contraception with their partner (P<0.05).Conclusion:Teenage girls' reproductive health problem is emerging, such as early sexual debut, multiple abortion, multiple sexual partners and higher genital infection rate. Propaganda of HIV/AIDS prevention has reached adolescents, but sexuality education has largely been ignored in middle and high schools. To solve this problem, the critical issue should be changing the risky sexual behavior of adolescents. But Changes in knowledge are not strongly associated with changes in adolescent sexual behavior. There are still other factors such as their perception and attitudes towards sexuality and contraception, their personal skills and the circumstance of the society and community. One of the possible ways to solve adolescent reproductive health problem would be setting up national standard age-adjusted sexuality education curriculums and establishing easily accessible youth-friendly sexual and reproductive health services.
出处
《中国妇幼保健》
CAS
北大核心
2005年第10期1184-1186,共3页
Maternal and Child Health Care of China
关键词
少女妊娠
性
避孕
知识
行为
Teenage pregnancy
Sexuality
Contraception
Knowledge
Behavior
