摘要
根据2003年10月在印度洋鸢乌贼渔场中鱿钓船周围某一断面水中光照度的实测数据和渔获生产统计数据,对金属卤化物灯和高压钠灯的光照度分布及其钓捕效果进行了比较分析。在120盏×2kW金属卤化物灯作用下,在距船舷3.0m的垂直断面,其水深5m内的光照度多在100lx以上,10lx的等光照度曲线在20m水层左右,0.01lx的等光照度曲线在55m水层附近。但在20盏×500W高压钠灯作用下,在距船舷3.0m的垂直断面,其海面的平均光照度为3lx左右,0.01lx的等光照度曲线在20m水层附近。以一些头足类的适宜光照度(0.01～10lx)为例,其在该照度范围内的水体体积仅为120盏×2kW金属卤化物灯作用下的1/5左右。这说明采用高压钠灯可以使鱿鱼聚集密度增大,钓捕深度变浅,从而提高渔获效率,且其平均产量比采用高压钠灯前高1～3倍。另外,研究表明大型专业鱿钓船钓捕鸢乌贼时的最适集鱼灯功率为112～160kW,鸢乌贼的最适光照度为0.01lx左右。
On-the-spot experiments of different kinds of gathering-fish lamps were carried out in the fisheries studies of the Symlectoteuthis oualaniensis fishing ground in the north-west of Indian Ocean in October 2003. According to the dimension of the ship and the products, the illumination distribution of gathering-fish lamp and the fishing efficiency were studied. When the output of metal halide lamps is 240 kW, in the above 5 m water layer the illuminations are more than 100 lx, the iso-illumination curve of 10 lx is in the depth of 20 m, the iso-illuminance curve of 0.01 lx is in the depth of 55 m. When the output of high pressure sodium lamps is 10 kW, the average illumination on the sea surface is 3 lx, the iso-illuminance curve of 0.01 lx is in the depth of 20 m. According to the suitable illumination from 0.01 lx to 10 lx of some squids, the ratio of water volume of high pressure sodium lamps and gathering-fish lamps is 1∶5. When using high pressure sodium lamps, the density of squid will increase, the fishing layer will be shallower, the fishing efficiency will be higher, and the average product will be 3 times as much as before. It also shows that the total power output of the large squid jigging boat should be 112 to 160 kW in fishing Symlectoteuthis oualaniensis, and the suitable illumination for Symlectoteuthis oualaniensis is about 0.01 lx.
出处
《水产学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第3期392-397,共6页
Journal of Fisheries of China
基金
农业部公海渔业资源探捕调查项目"印度洋鸢乌贼资源调查"(03-42)
上海市教委重点学科建设项目(02-185)
关键词
鱿钓船
集鱼灯
鸢乌贼
适宜光照度
钓捕效果
squid jigging boat
gathering-fish lamp
Symlectoteuthis oualaniensis
suitable illumination
fishing efficiency
