摘要
反义是一种非常重要的语义现象,语义研究绝不可轻视它的存在。英语反义词不仅限于反义词对,也包括具有对比关系或对立关系的多项词词群。英语反义词必须具有共同的词义系统和概念系统、相同的词性和语法功能,能共同出现在某种语境中,形成对立或对比现象。根据逻辑原理,我们认为英语反义词之间只存在两种复杂关系:一种是两个概念语义上绝对相反,逻辑上相互排斥,之间可进行非此即彼、非彼即此的推演的“矛盾”关系;一种是两个概念外延不同,相互排斥,但不能进行非此即彼、非彼即此的推演的“反对”关系。
Being one of the most important semantic relations, opposition can not be despised in semantic research. English antonyms include pairs of antonym as well as those many-member lexical sets of contrariness or opposition.They must belong to the same semantic and concept system, with the same part of speech and be able to form contrariness or opposition in the same context. On the principle of logic, there are two complicated relations.One is 'contradiction' where the inference of 'either this or that' can be done because the two lexical items are absolute opposite in semantic meaning and repel each other in logic; the other is 'contrariety' in which the inference cannot be done while the two words are different and exclusive in denotation.
出处
《山西师大学报（社会科学版）》
北大核心
2005年第4期117-119,共3页
Journal of Shanxi Normal University(Social Science Edition)
