摘要
柴达木盆地北缘侏罗系烃源岩中分布着各种不同形态、不同类型、不同成因和不同光学特征的有机显微组分,它们具有不同的化学成分和结构、母质类型及生烃潜力。烃源岩中的有机显微组分主要由镜质组、惰质组、壳质组、腐泥组及次生组分和矿物-沥青基质所构成,主要生油组分是壳质组和腐泥组,而大量的镜质组(富氢镜质体除外)和惰质组相对来说一般主要是生气。暗色泥岩以矿物为主,煤则以有机组分为主,页岩、油页岩及碳质泥岩介于二者之间。烃源岩中以页岩、油页岩富氢组分最发育,并以腐泥组组分占绝对优势,主要生油组分为沥青质体和矿物-沥青基质,其次是层状藻类体。暗色泥岩中富氢组分含量相对较少,其中腐泥组与壳质组含量相近,主要生油组分为层状藻类体、孢子体、角质体,其次为矿物-沥青基质及壳屑体。煤的主要生油组分为角质体和孢子体,但含量低,其次为树脂体及壳屑体。碳质泥岩的主要生油组分为孢子体、角质体和层状藻类体。
there are various organic macerals with different modalities, styles, genesises and optical features existing in Jurassic source rocks in the northern margin of Qaidam basin. They have different chemical compositions and constructions, different parent material styles and potential of forming hydrocarbons. The organic macerals in source rocks mainly include vitrinite, inertinite, exinite, sapropel and mineral pitch base. The main oil-generating components are exinite and sapropel, while the plentiful vitrinite (with the exception of clarovitrinite) and inertinite mainly generate gas. Dark-colored mudstone is mainly composed of minerals. Coal is mainly composed of organic macerals. Shale, oil shale and carbargilite are between both of the above. In all source rocks, shale and oil shale have the largest amounts of component with abundant hydrogen and sapropel macerals have absolute predominance. The main oil-forming components in shale and oil shale are bituminite and mineral pitch base, then stratiform alginate. Dark-colored mudstone has relatively less amount of component with abundant hydrogen. The main oil-forming components in it are stratiform alginate, sporinite and keratose, then mineral pitch base and exinite. The main oil-generating components in coal are relatively low content of keratose and sporinite. Rosin and exinite are in the next place. The main oil-forming components in carbargilite are sporinite, keratose and stratiform alginate.
出处
《石油实验地质》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第3期250-255,259,共7页
Petroleum Geology & Experiment
关键词
烃源岩
有机岩石学
侏罗系
柴达木盆地北缘
source rock
organic petrology
Jurassic
northern margin of Qaidam basin
