摘要
土壤动物作为生态系统物质循环中的重要分解者，在生态系统中起着重要的作用．它们同环境因子间存在相对稳定、密不可分的关系。笔者经过近１０年的学习与研究实践，对东北羊草草原、东部山地及有关农田污灌区等生系统进行了研究，研究结果表明，土壤动物是相对稳定的、综合的环境指示因子，特别是在人为活动影响较大的区域，土壤动物对环境质量反映的准确程度要强于植物。土壤动物与环境的水分、ｐｈ值、土壤质地、结构、土壤有机质含量、植被盖度、凋落物年归还量等均有密切关系。在中性至碱性土壤环境中，土壤动物密度与土壤ｐｈ值是反相关；土壤动物密度及生物量与调落物年归还量、土壤有机质含量、植被盖度等均呈正相关关系；土壤动物的重金属含量也在一定程度上反映了环境的重金属含量。因此，土壤动物可以作为标志环境质量的指示因子，反映环境质量状况，为充分合理利用资源及为生态系统的建设提供理论依据。
Soil animal as a important decomposer of matter circulation in ecologicalsystem plays an important role in ecological system. Soil animal has relative stable. inseparate connection to enviromental factors. We began this studing ten years ago, investigating into Northeast grassland, the eastern mountainous region and related sewage irrigation region systems during those years. The results of studing show: soil animal is a relatively stable synthetical indicating factor of enviroment quality in the area effected largely by men-action. It's accuracy of reacting to enviromental quality is higher than plant. Soil animal has close relation to the moisture,content in soil, pH value, guality and structure of soil content of organic substance, vegetation coverage and the present content of the fallen in the soil. From the neutral to the alkaline. the density of soil. Animal has a negative interrelation to pH value of soil. The density and biomass of soil animal has a positive interrelation to the present content of the fallen, the content of organic substance in soil and vegetation coverage. The content of heavy metal in soil animal reacts to the content of heavy metal in soil in some degree. Therfore, soil animal could be made as an indicator of reacting to enviromental quality, providing basis for reasonable exploition of resources and the construction of ecological system.
出处
《哈尔滨师范大学自然科学学报》
1995年第4期95-99,共5页
Natural Science Journal of Harbin Normal University
