摘要
造山带古地理学在盆地构造古地理重建中若干思考的核心,是以活动论的构造观指导盆地分析。本文强调以发展的、动态演化的思路来研究盆地。现存的一个盆地,可能只是地史期间大盆地的残余(或残留)部分;或是原来彼此分开和独立的几个盆地内的沉积记录组成的沉积物拼盘。一个盆地内现存的次级构造单元可能由年轻的造山运动形成;另一种可能性则是原来的次级单元已被后来的构造-热事件模糊或遮蔽了。在盆地的建造过程中,隆起(包括次级隆起)的时起时伏十分常见;相应地,盆地间的时分时合也十分常见。在泛大陆旋回与大盆地发育间有着内在联系,即大盆地发育受邻侧的洋盆演化和造山过程制约,故“盆”“山”间的耦合分析是正确认识盆地动态演化的钥匙。体现在构造古地理重建中,造山带古地理学倡导原地的古地理重建与非原地的古地理重建相结合且以后者为主。非原地的古地理重建可通过定量的(如基于古地磁资料的重建)和定性的两条途径实现。文章讨论了定性重建中的5个要点1)时间上,要结合“反序”的研究,2)空间上,要结合“反转构造”的研究,3)强调构造复位在古地理重建中的意义,4)盆地建造阶段中的改造事件所起的承前启后作用,5)盆地动力学与造山动力学的结合研究。
Some considerations of orogen-palaeogeography in basins＇ palinspastic reconstruction are, essentially, basin analyses in the light of tectonic outlook of mobilism.The paper emphasizes to look at a basin with an eye on the course of its development and dynamic evolution. The present situation of a basin might be only a relict （or a residual） part of a large basin in geohistory, or a sedimentary collage, with the sedimentary records from originally separated and independent basins. The existing sub-order tectonic units in a basin might be created in younger orogenies, while another possibility might be that the original sub-order units were blurred or concealed by later tectono-thermal events. It might be a common sight that the uplifts （including the sub-order uplifts） sometimes rised and sometimes fell in the formational process of a basin. Correspondingly, the basins sometimes separated and sometimes merged together. There was an organic relation between the pan-continental cycles and a large basin evolution, namely, the large basin developing might be constrained by the neighboring oceanic evolution and orogenic process. So, an analysis on coupling between basin and orogeny should be a key to correctly understand basin＇s dynamic evolution. To be reflected in palinspastic reconstruction, orogen-palaeogeography suggests a combination of an autochthonous reconstruction and a non-autochthonous one, with stress on the latter. There are two ways for non-autochthonous palaeogeographic reconstruction： quantitative （for example, based on palaeomagnetic data） and qualitative ones. The paper discusses five key points in the qualitative reconstruction： 1） timely, to combine a study of ＂reversed succession＂, 2）spatially, to synthesize a study of ＂inversion tectonics＂, 3）to emphasize significance of structural restoration in palaeogeographic reconstruction, 4）reformation events in the period of basin formation serving as a link between past and future, and 5） a study on basin geodynamics matched with the orogenic geodynamics.
出处
《古地理学报》
CAS
CSCD
2005年第3期405-416,共12页
Journal of Palaeogeography：Chinese Edition
